Liquid chromatography—electrochemistry procedure for the determination of chlorophenolic compounds in pulp mill effluents and receiving waters

Butler, Edward C. V.; Pont, G. Dal

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(92)80154-m

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Chlorophenols are also formed during pulping and bleaching forming bioaccumulative and toxic compounds (Holmbom 1980). Chlorophenols are derived by the action of chlorine and its hydrolyzed derivatives which are formed during the breakdown of lignin in the pulping process (Butler and Dal Pont 1992). The amount of chlorophenols formed depends on the ratio of chlorine and chlorine dioxide but also on the ratio of softwood and hardwood (Kringstad and Lindström 1984;Kitunen 1990).…”

Section: Chlorophenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

Lindholm‐Lehto

Knuutinen

Ahkola

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Chlorophenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

Lindholm‐Lehto

Knuutinen

Ahkola

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Techniques such as derivative spectro,scopy [S], liquid chromatography [9], gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, (GC/MS) [lo], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [l 11, photometry [12], ring-oven [lJ], and fluorometry [14] have been used extensively for the determination of this compound in trace amounts. Electrochemical determinations based on impedance [15] and amperometry [16] are also available.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of orthochlorophenol by stripping voltammetry

Manisankar¹,

Prabu²

1995

Electroanalysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present work reports on a diflerential pulse and square wave stripping voltammetric procedure for the determination of orthochlorophenol. The best conditions included using 0.1 M KOH solution, an accumulation potential of 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrode, a square wave amplitude of 60mV, a frlcquency of 50Hz, a step potential of 4mV, and an initial scan potential of -1.OV. Under these conditions, determination limits of ng/rnl were achieved at a stationary glassy carbon electrode. Keywords: Orthochlorophenol, Glassy carbon, Stripping voltammetryOrthochlorophenol is widely used in the pr(oduction of higher chlorinated phenols [I]. It is also used as an intermediate in dyestuffs [2], as a corrosion inhibitor for AJ-Cu alloys [3], in polyester printing [4], and as a preservative [S]. This compound is readily absorbed through the skin in toxic amounts, and is included in the EPA list of priority pollutants. Orthochlorophenol is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, ether, and caustic alkali solutions. A considerable amount of information is available regarding the stability and toxicity of this compound in the environment [6,7]. The LC50 value for orthochlorophenol ranges from 10 to 500 mg/L for aquatics.Techniques The present article reports on a square wave and differential pulse stripping voltammetric procedure for the determination of orthochlorophenol.Orthochlorophenol showed an oxidation peak (Fig. 1) using the glassy carbon electrode, which was irreversible, since there was no cathodic peak. The maximum peak current was obtained in aqueous 0.1 M KOH; in which the cyclic voltammetric peak potential varies linearly with the logarithm of i:he scan rate, i.e., Ep = 0.56 + 0.012 log V (mvjs), the intensity of the peak is ? linear function of the scan rate ( V ) , and i , is proportional to V' for an orthochloryphenol concentration of 10 mM. The current function (ip/ACVF) value increases initially and then decreases in 0.1 M KOH for a scan rate change from 25 mV/s to 250 mV/s. The height of the peak decreases as the sweep cycle increases. This clearly points to adsorption. To confirm ;the results found in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) assays mentioned above, the voltammetric experiments were carried out using the square wave technique, maintaining the amplitude at 25 mV, the step potential at 4mV, and modifying the frequency used. Similar proportionalities were observed. In KOH Ep is directly proportional to the logarithm of the frequency, i.e., Ep = 0.54 + 0.015 log v, and ip is directly proportional to the square root of the frequency. The log ip vs. log V plot yielded a slope of 0.66 in an aqueous alkaline medium.This kind of behavior is associated with diffusion-controlled adsorption in an aqueous alkaline medium, as reported by Osteryoung [ 191. Adsorption of the orthochlorophenol molecule was confirmed by the observation of double potential step chronocoulometric behavior on varying the final potential. The potential of the glassy carbon electrode was stepped from an initial E = 0.0 V t...

show abstract

“…Derivatization of chlorinated phenols with various agents is usually employed prior to GC analysis. In comparison with HPLC methods, GC methods are more sensitive but time consuming [15,16].…”

Section: Výsledky a Diskusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Derivatizace chlorovaných fenolů různými činidly se většinou používá při stanovení plynovou chromatografií. Ve srovnání s HPLC metodami jsou postupy využívající plynovou chromatografii citlivější, ale na druhé straně pracnější a časově náročnější [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determination of chlorinated phenols in brewing liquor and beer using SPE.

Horák¹,

Čulík²,

Kellner³

et al. 2008

Kvasny Prum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Práce popisuje metodu stanovení chlorfenolů ve varní vodě a pivu. Pro extrakci a zakoncentrování analytů byla využita technika extrakce na pevné fázi (SPE). Poté byly chlorfenoly derivatizovány anhydridem kyseliny octové a stanoveny na plynovém chromatografu s detektorem elektronového záchytu. V práci byly porovnány SPE kolonky LiChrolut EN (ethylvinylbenzen-divinylbenzen kopolymer s extrémně velkým specifickým povrchem) a LiChrolut RP-18. Kromě toho byl zkoumán vliv různého objemu elučního činidla na výtěžnost chlorfenolů. V práci jsou dále popsány pracovní charakteristiky optimalizované metody.

show abstract

Liquid chromatography—electrochemistry procedure for the determination of chlorophenolic compounds in pulp mill effluents and receiving waters

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

Determination of orthochlorophenol by stripping voltammetry

Determination of chlorinated phenols in brewing liquor and beer using SPE.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About