Liquid CO2-Capture Technologies: A Review

Abstract

Escalating global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have significantly exacerbated the climate impact, necessitating imperative advancements in CO2-capture technology. Liquid absorbents have received considerable attention in carbon capture for engineering applications, due to their high flexibility, reliability, and recyclability. Nonetheless, the existing technologies of liquid CO2 capture suffer from various issues that cannot be ignored, such as corrosion, elevated costs, and pronounced secondary pollution. More efforts are required to realize process optimization and novel absorbent innovation. This review presents nanofluids and other novel liquid absorbents such as ionic liquids, amino acids, and phase-change absorbents. The preparation, mechanisms of action, and influencing factors of nanofluid absorbents are discussed in detail to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of their potential applications. Further, the challenges (including energy loss, environmental and human health, barriers to application and capture performance, etc.) encountered by these innovative absorbents and techniques are also commented on. This facilitates side-by-side comparisons by researchers.