Liquid Crystal Templates Combined with Photolithography Enable Synthesis of Chiral Twisted Polymeric Microparticles

Akdeniz, Burak; Büküşoğlu, Emre

doi:10.1002/marc.201900160

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…A hydrogel microsphere was also fabricated by photolithography or the combined method. For example, photolithography combined with liquid crystals promote the synthesis of microparticles with 2D and 3D shapes ( Akdeniz and Bukusoglu, 2019 ). In this study, a photomask was used for photopolymerization of the reactive (RM257).…”

Section: Preparation Strategy Of Hydrogel Microspherementioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation strategy of hydrogel microsphere and its application in skin repair

Chi¹,

Qiu²,

Ye³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In recent years, hydrogel microsphere has attracted much attention due to its great potential in the field of skin repair. This paper reviewed the recent progress in the preparation strategy of hydrogel microsphere and its application in skin repair. In this review, several preparation methods of hydrogel microsphere were summarized in detail. In addition, the related research progress of hydrogel microspheres for skin repair was reviewed, and focused on the application of bioactive microspheres, antibacterial microspheres, hemostatic microspheres, and hydrogel microspheres as delivery platforms (hydrogel microspheres as a microcarrier of drugs, bioactive factors, or cells) in the field of skin repair. Finally, the limitations and future prospects of the development of hydrogel microspheres and its application in the field of skin repair were presented. It is hoped that this review can provide a valuable reference for the development of the preparation strategy of hydrogel microspheres and promote the application of hydrogel microspheres in skin repair.

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Section: Preparation Strategy Of Hydrogel Microspherementioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation strategy of hydrogel microsphere and its application in skin repair

Chi¹,

Qiu²,

Ye³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Furthermore, the magnetic field-induced mesogen alignment is mostly limited to side-chain LC monomers due to high viscosity of mainchain system. Main-chain LCE microparticles [39][40][41][42][43][44] (Young's modulus E, ≈ 10's MPa) or side-chain LCE micro-actuators [45,46] Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with intrinsic molecular anisotropy can be programmed to morph shapes under external stimuli. However, it is difficult to program the position and orientation of individual mesogenic units separately and locally, whether in-plane or out-of-plane, since each mesogen is linked to adjacent ones through the covalently bonded polymer chains.…”

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confidence: 99%

Shape Morphing Directed by Spatially Encoded, Dually Responsive Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Micro‐Actuators

et al. 2022

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have been developed to control the inplane director field, including mechanically stretching/shearing, [23][24][25] guiding by surface patterns, [16,[26][27][28] and use of electric or magnetic field. [29] Out-of-plane bending of a flat LCE film can be realized when there is a gradient in the director field induced by different surface anchoring on top and bottom of the film [30,31] or in mechanical properties along the film thickness. [32][33][34] So far few have shown control of both in-plane and out-of-plane orientations of LC mesogens with complex director fields in the 3D space, locally and globally. Using a top and bottom substrate with planar microchannels oriented in different directions has shown such potentials. [28] However, the thickness of films (up to 100 µm) is limited by the decreasing molecular interactions away from the surface, causing deviation of the mesogens from the aligned direction along film depth. 3D printing allows for arbitrary arrangement of mesogens in 3D space, however, the printing resolution is typically on the order of hundreds of micrometers to millimeters. Thus, only simple geometries are printed, and it is time consuming to build layer-by-layer. While the intrinsic anisotropy of LC mesogens enables reversible actuation, it also constrains the choice of materials, fabrication, and spatial control of the shape morphing, due to the coupling between these aspects.Incorporating LCEs with other materials provides a feasible pathway to expand the materials library for shape morphing. A bilayer-structure of LCE and hydrogel with different elasticity has been demonstrated. [35,36] However, a strong bonding between the two layers is essential, otherwise, it will lead to a small strain [35] and poor reversibility. [36] Microparticles made by freeze-milling the bulk LCE film have been embedded in a conventional elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), followed by alignment under an external magnetic field to create macroscopic "monodomains" for actuation. [37] The use of discrete microparticles allows for decoupling of the enabling components [38] from the matrix itself. Nevertheless, those microparticles are not uniform in size nor anisotropic in shape. They are only aligned along an in-plane direction and a bilayer structure is still needed to achieve out-of-plane bending. Furthermore, the magnetic field-induced mesogen alignment is mostly limited to side-chain LC monomers due to high viscosity of mainchain system. Main-chain LCE microparticles [39][40][41][42][43][44] (Young's modulus E, ≈ 10's MPa) or side-chain LCE micro-actuators [45,46] Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with intrinsic molecular anisotropy can be programmed to morph shapes under external stimuli. However, it is difficult to program the position and orientation of individual mesogenic units separately and locally, whether in-plane or out-of-plane, since each mesogen is linked to adjacent ones through the covalently bonded polymer chains. Here, dually responsive, spindle-shaped micro-actuators are synthesized from ...

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A Two‐Stage Polymerization Strategy for Preparing Polymer‐Network Liquid Crystals with Oxygen‐Sensing Property

Liu,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Advanced Photonics Research

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Polymer‐network liquid crystal (PNLC) possesses both advantages of low‐molecular‐weight liquid crystal (LMWLC) and liquid crystal (LC) polymer. Herein, a two‐stage polymerization strategy for the formation of unique PNLC with oxygen‐sensing properties is reported. The reaction mixture consists of 6% diacrylate RM257, 93.5% LMWLC 4‐cyano‐4′‐pentylbiphenyl (5CB), and 0.5% photoinitiator dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (DMPA). In the first stage, the mixture is exposed to UV light for 2 min to form a primary polymer network, which is highly uniform with a planar orientation. However, some free radicals are trapped inside the LC due to the short UV exposure time. Subsequently, the trapped free radicals are released by heating the PNLC sample into an isotropic state. Under this condition, the free radicals can move freely and react with surrounding monomers to form a secondary polymer network, which is highly disordered and scatters light strongly. Because oxygen can deactivate free radicals trapped inside the PNLC, the phenomenon to detect oxygen and monitor the diffusion of oxygen through the PNLC is exploited. The PNLC‐based oxygen sensor is potentially useful for the detection of oxygen and monitoring the exposure time to oxygen.

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Liquid Crystal Templates Combined with Photolithography Enable Synthesis of Chiral Twisted Polymeric Microparticles

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Preparation strategy of hydrogel microsphere and its application in skin repair

Preparation strategy of hydrogel microsphere and its application in skin repair

Shape Morphing Directed by Spatially Encoded, Dually Responsive Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Micro‐Actuators

A Two‐Stage Polymerization Strategy for Preparing Polymer‐Network Liquid Crystals with Oxygen‐Sensing Property

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