Liquid Crystalline Systems from Nature and Interaction of Living Organisms with Liquid Crystals

Abstract

The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202204275. of biosensors with additional functionalities (e.g., self-regulated drug release) that are not available in previous systems is reviewed. Examples addressed in this review convey the message that the intersection between biomaterials and LCs offers deep insights into fundamental understanding of biomaterials, and provides resources for development of transformative technologies.

Machine learning methods for liquid crystal research: phases, textures, defects and physical properties

“…4 The field of LCs extends into the realm of bio-inspired structures, where nature's designs influence the development of materials with enhanced functionalities. 5 This broad and interdisciplinary scope of liquid crystals continues to drive innovation, making them a cornerstone in materials science and technology.…”

Programmable chiral liquid crystal elastomer with broadband tunability

“…Flexible modulation of light transmission properties is achieved by arranging molecules into nano-superstructures at either wavelength or sub-wavelength scales. Chiral nanostructures, manifested in cholesteric liquid crystals, are prevalent in living organisms [2] , notably in the cuticle of diverse species including beetles [3] , crabs [4] , and arthropods [5] . These structures empower organisms with the capability to execute adaptive camouflage in nature, effectively concealing themselves from potential predators.…”

Ionic Liquid Crystal–Polymer Composite Electromechanical Actuators: Design of Two-Dimensional Molecular Assemblies for Efficient Ion Transport and Effect of Electrodes on Actuator Performance

“…The pursuit of efficient ion transport pathways within organic and inorganic thin films has garnered significant attention as a strategic approach to improving energy efficiency in batteries, energy harvesting, actuators, water treatments, and more. − In the realm of energy device technologies, various nanostructured polymers have been recognized for their ability to provide high ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness. This category encompasses block ionomers, ionic covalent organic frameworks, supramolecular polymers, and ionic liquid crystalline (LC) polymers. − Among them, liquid crystals stand out as particularly promising due to their large-area orientation achievable through diverse external stimuli such as mechanical shear, light, and electric and magnetic fields. − Nanostructured LC polymers featuring continuous ion-conductive channel networks have been prepared by photopolymerization of thermotropic liquid crystals tethering oligo­(ethylene oxide) chains complexed with lithium salts and lyotropic liquid crystals incorporating liquid electrolytes such as ionic liquids and cyclic carbonates .…”