Liquid gallium jet–plasma interaction studies in ISTTOK tokamak

Gomes, R.; Fernandes, H.; Silva, Carlos; Šarakovskis, Anatolijs; Pereira, Tiago; Figueiredo, J.; Carvalho, B.B.; Soares, A.; Duarte, P.; Varandas, C.A.F.; Lielausis, O.; Klyukin, A.; Platacis, E.; Tāle, I.; Alekseyv, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.01.240

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Past and current experiments on liquid metal PFCs have been actively carried out in several machines, e.g. HT-7 [2][3][4][5][6], EAST [3,4,7], TJ-II [8,9], T-11M [10][11][12] and T-10 [11,12] for lithium (Li), ISTTOK [13,14] for gallium (Ga), and FTU [15,16] for tin (Sn). The feeding configuration of liquid metal PFCs can be either static (no-flowing), locked in a porous structure with slow capillary motion, or dynamic (flowing or free-fall).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface instability of static liquid metal in magnetized fusion plasma

Somboonkittichai

Zuo

2023

Nucl. Fusion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding surface instability in magnetized fusion plasma supports the appropriate implementation and handling of liquid metal as plasma facing components (PFCs) in future fusion reactors. A Lagrange equation describing a viscous liquid surface deformation in a magnetized plasma is derived using Rayleigh's method. Its solution justifies the general instability criterion and helps in characterizing the key interactions driving such instability under fusion conditions. Surface tension and gravity, especially with the poloidal angles of the lower part of a plasma chamber, mainly stabilize the liquid surface at small and large disturbance wavelengths, respectively. The sheath electric field and the external tangential magnetic field cause the liquid surface to disintegrate at an intermediate wavelength. Practically, a magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) device requires a strong magnetic field for confinement. The study suggests that such a strong field dominates the rest and governs instability. In addition, this implies that the configuration of a static planar free liquid surface is difficult to adopt as a candidate for handling the liquid metal as PFCs in next step MCF devices.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface instability of static liquid metal in magnetized fusion plasma

Somboonkittichai

Zuo

2023

Nucl. Fusion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasma facing components (PFCs) made of liquid metals (LM), which are low in melting point but compatible with fuel, are considered to be a candidate for being inner surfaces of next step fusion device in long-run operations [1]. Several experiments have investigated the use of lithium (Li) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], tin (Sn) [13,14], gallium (Ga) [15,16] and LiSn (lithium-tin alloy) [17,18] as PFCs. The experiments investigated the bombardment of plasma on LM samples suggested the depletion of LM amount [10], which releases as LM vapor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Heat Transport in Static Liquid Metal Exposed to Plasma with Magnetic Field

Somboonkittichai

Zuo

2023

Plasma and Fusion Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Suitable management of excessive heat in liquid metal is one of key roles to accomplish the proper liquid metal usage as future alternative fusion plasma facing components. In this work, theoretical heat transfer in liquid metal in contact with magnetized plasma was carried out, and a numerical solver for investigating temperature and induced velocity by j × B force has been developed. The study suggests the trends: 1. lower bulk temperature in liquid metal at which magnetic field is presented, compared to no magnetic field, by additional convection from j × B, stronger than natural convection; and 2. asymmetric temperature distribution in liquid metal along j × B.

show abstract

“…One of the possibilities to achieve a steady-state operation on ISTTOK would be the use of high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils. Most of the other obstacles are being removed as new power supplies are being assembled [2], a new enduring ATCA controller has been commissioned [3,4] and refrigerated limiters are being tested, eventually with liquid metals (Ga) [5]. Moreover, the technical diagnostics to operate the machine have been moved for a realtime philosophy, allowing a continuous monitoring of the plasma [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%