Liquid, Gaseous and Solid Biofuels - Conversion Techniques

Fang, Zhen

doi:10.5772/50479

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A clear tendency is observed with the increase of the temperature: the higher the temperature, the lower the concentration of protons in this region. Such a tendency can be explained considering that at higher temperatures the water content in the upgraded oil is reduced; in addition, conversion of sugars molecules during the hydrotreatment could also contribute to the reduction of protons in this region [17,28]. A reduction of protons in the region of (hetero)-aromatics was observed for all upgraded oils in comparison to the feed, although the concentration in the UO was similar for all the conditions tested.…”

Section: Upgraded Productsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Most likely hydroxypropanone (RT: 12.46 min), detected in the feeds but not in the upgraded products, was hydrogenated to propylene glycol. Furthermore, the increase in the propylene glycol, and other diols such as 1,2-butanediol ( Figures S.1 and S.2) can be associated to the sugar molecules of the feedstock; the hydrogenation of xylose and glucose leads to the formation of xylitol and sorbitol which can undergo further hydrogenolysis resulting in the alcohols such as propylene glycol, 1,2-ethanediol and 1,2-butanediol [28], present in the ULPs.…”

Section: S3 and S4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrotreatment of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil Fractions Over Nickel-Based Catalyst

et al. 2018

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Residual biomass shows potential to be used as a feedstock for fast pyrolysis bio-oil production for energetic and chemical use. Although environmentally advantageous, further catalytic upgrading is required in order to increase the bio-oil stability, by reducing reactive compounds, functional oxygen-containing groups and water content. However, bio-oils may separate in fractions either spontaneously after ageing or by fractionated condensation. Therefore the effects of upgrading on different fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO) fractions obtained from a commercially available FPBO were studied by elemental analysis, GC-MS and 1 H-NMR. Not only the FPBO was upgraded by catalytic hydrotreatment, but also the heavy phase fraction formed after intentional aging and phase separation. The reactions were conducted between 175 and 325 °C and 80-100 bar by using a nickel-chromium catalyst in batch experiments. The influence of the hydrotreatment conditions correlated with the composition of the upgraded products. Higher oxygen removal was obtained at higher temperatures, whereas higher pressures resulted in higher hydrogen consumption with no significant influence on deoxygenation. At 325 °C and 80 bar 42% of the oxygen content was removed from the FPBO. Compounds attributed to pyrolysis oil instability, such as ketones and furfural were completely converted while the number of alcohols detected in the upgraded products increased. Coke formation was observed after all reactions, especially for the reaction with the fraction rich in lignin derivatives, likely formed by polymerization of phenolic compounds mainly concentrated in this phase. Independently of the feedstock used, the upgraded bio-oils were very similar in composition, with reduced oxygen and water content, higher energy density and higher carbon content.

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Section: Upgraded Productsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: S3 and S4)mentioning

confidence: 99%