Liquid Glass: A Facile Soft Replication Method for Structuring Glass

Kotz, Frederik; Plewa, K.; Bauer, Werner; Schneider, Norbert; Keller, Nico; Nargang, Tobias M.; Helmer, Dorothea; Sachsenheimer, Kai; Schäfer, Michael; Worgull, Matthias; Greiner, Christian; Richter, Christiane; Rapp, Bastian E.

doi:10.1002/adma.201506089

Cited by 98 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[29,30] The first successful approach to 3D-printed transparent glass was described by the group of Neri Oxman who used a modified fused deposition modeling approach whereby a low melting soda lime glass was heated to a temperature of ≈1040 °C and the melt was deposited through a nozzle. [34,35] We have shown that these nanocomposites can be printed using benchtop stereolithography in a layer-by-layer based fashion and turned into fused silica glass during a final heat treatment (see Figure 1a). [32] However, both processes result in glass parts with very coarse structures which cannot be used to 3D print chemical reactors or high-resolution microfluidic chips for flow-through synthesis (see Table 1).…”

Section: Transparent Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications

et al. 2019

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3D printing has emerged as an enabling technology for miniaturization. High‐precision printing techniques such as stereolithography are capable of printing microreactors and lab‐on‐a‐chip devices for efficient parallelization of biological and biochemical reactions under reduced uptake of reactants. In the world of chemistry, however, up until now, miniaturization has played a minor role. The chemical and thermal stability of regular 3D printing resins is insufficient for sustaining the harsh conditions of chemical reactions. Novel material formulations that produce highly stable 3D‐printed chips are highly sought for bringing chemistry up‐to‐date on the development of miniaturization. In this work, a brief review of recent developments in highly stable materials for 3D printing is given. This work focuses on three highly stable 3D‐printable material systems: transparent silicate glasses, ceramics, and fluorinated polymers. It is further demonstrated that 3D printing is also a versatile technique for surface structuring of polymers to enhance their wetting performance. Such micro/nanostructuring is key to selectively wetting surface patterns that are versatile for chemical arrays and droplet synthesis.

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Section: Transparent Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications

et al. 2019

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“…Laser-assisted etching + + 1-2 µm 0.1-0.2 µm (rms) [19][20][21] Backside etching ----2 µm 0.05-0.5 µm [22] Replication Sol-Gel ---< 1 µm n.a. [3] Nanocomposites ---< 1 µm 2 nm (rms) [23,24] Precision glass molding ----~ 1 µm 2 nm [2,25] Additive Stereolithography nanocomposites ++ -60 µm 2 nm (rms) [26] Sol-Gel ++ --200 µm n.a. [27] Stop flow lithography ----10 µm 6 nm (rms) [28] As of today there is no method for generating truly arbitrary three-dimensional hollow structures of centimeter lengths and few micrometers diameter in bulk fused silica glass.…”

Section: Laser-assistedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently developed a method for structuring fused silica components at room temperature [23,24,26]. In this process, a nanocomposite consisting of a high amount of fused silica nanoparticles in an organic binder matrix is polymerized at room temperature and consecutively sintered to full-density, transparent fused silica glass.…”

Section: Sacrificial Template Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional suspended hollow microstructures in transparent fused silica glass

et al. 2019

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Fused silica glass is the preferred material for applications which require long-term chemical and mechanical stability as well as excellent optical properties. The manufacturing of complex hollow microstructures within transparent fused silica glass is of particular interest for, among others, the miniaturization of chemical synthesis towards more versatile, configurable and environmentally friendly flow-through chemistry as well as high-quality optical waveguides or capillaries. However, microstructuring of such complex three-dimensional structures in glass has proven evasive due to its high thermal and chemical stability as well as mechanical hardness. Here we present an approach for the generation of hollow microstructures in fused silica glass with high precision and freedom of three-dimensional designs. The process combines the concept of sacrificial template replication with a room-temperature molding process for fused silica glass. The fabricated glass chips are versatile tools for, among other, the advance of miniaturization in chemical synthesis on chip.

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“…However, the expensive nature and strict conditions of silicon and glass have restricted the broader application of microfluidics. Recently, a liquid glass has been developed for the fabrication of microfluidic devices without requirement for cleanroom facilities . The low‐cost liquid glass is fabricated by dispersing amorphous silica nanopowder into the photocurable monomer mixture and allows rapid replication under room temperature.…”

Section: Materials For Microfluidic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics‐Based Biomaterials and Biodevices

et al. 2018

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The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805033.The rapid development of microfluidics technology has promoted new innovations in materials science, particularly by interacting with biological systems, based on precise manipulation of fluids and cells within microscale confinements. This article reviews the latest advances in microfluidics-based biomaterials and biodevices, highlighting some burgeoning areas such as functional biomaterials, cell manipulations, and flexible biodevices. These areas are interconnected not only in their basic principles, in that they all employ microfluidics to control the makeup and morphology of materials, but also unify at the ultimate goals in human healthcare. The challenges and future development trends in biological application are also presented. Microfluidics

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Liquid Glass: A Facile Soft Replication Method for Structuring Glass

Cited by 98 publications

References 16 publications

High‐Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications

High‐Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications

Fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional suspended hollow microstructures in transparent fused silica glass

Microfluidics‐Based Biomaterials and Biodevices

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