Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of the Ternary System of Water + Phenol + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene at Several Temperatures

Abstract

Liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the ternary chemical system of {water + phenol + (propan-2-yl) benzene (cumene)} were presented at temperatures of 293.2, 298.2, and 308.2 K and under the ambient pressure of 81.5 kPa. Experiments were performed based on the cloud point titration method and refractive index measurements. Results show that the phenol solubility in cumene is significantly higher than in water especially at higher phenol concentrations. The phenol distribution coefficient and separation factor were obtained within 1.490–3.418 and 82.06–300.24, respectively. The capability of cumene, as a solvent to extract phenol from aqueous solutions, particularly for low level phenol concentrations, was revealed. The consistency of tie line data was sufficiently assessed by the Othmer–Tobias and Bachman equations. Meanwhile, the well-known NRTL and UNIQUAC thermodynamic models were employed to reproduce the experimental data and obtaining the binary interaction parameters. The appropriate low value root-mean-square deviations confirm the good agreement between experimental data and the model correlated values.

Separation and determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in real water samples using binary small molecule alcohol‐salt aqueous two‐phase system coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography

“…But unitary ATPS composed of one small molecular water‐miscible organic solvent and salt cannot effectively adjust the polarity of the aqueous two‐phase, and the object solute cannot quickly enter the organic phase . Therefore, the association of two types of small molecular water‐miscible organic solvents was proposed in order to adjust the system polarity and increase extraction efficiency …”

“…28 Therefore, the association of two types of small molecular water-miscible organic solvents was proposed in order to adjust the system polarity and increase extraction efficiency. 29,30 In this paper, a binary small molecule alcohol-salt ATPS based on ethanol +2-propanol and ammonium sulfate was established to effectively extract and determine the trace TC in real water samples. The extraction and separation process of binary small molecular alcohol-salt ATPS is shown in Figure 2.…”

Temperature and Salt Effects on the Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of the Water + Cyclopentanone + (Propan-2-yl) Benzene System

“…Meanwhile, a descending trend of tieline slopes is observed with temperature, indicating that solubility in the solvent decreases with temperature, which is consistent with previous investigations. 11,30 Based on results, the equilibrium distribution of cyclopentanone between organic and aqueous at different temperatures are shown in Figure 4.…”

Vapor–liquid behavior of phenol and cumene in ternary and quaternary mixtures

“…Several extractants have been applied for liquid-liquid extraction of phenol from aqueous streams, e.g. sulfoxides, 12 cumene 13,14 and ethyl ether. 15 In membrane-based extraction processes, combinations of methyl tert-butyl ether, cumene and hydrocarbon mixtures have been applied.…”

“…8 Most of these solvents introduce new impurities into the process for example, through byproduct formation as a result of the regeneration of solvent by stripping with a base. [13][14][15] Conversely, when cumenean intermediate in the production process of phenol and polycarbonatesis applied as an extractant, the solvent is not an impurity in itself and cumene can be recycled in the production process. 14 The application of cumene in LLX of phenol resulted in high distribution ratios, although these are strongly affected by other polar impurities and contaminations.…”