Liquid–liquid Extraction of Beryllium: I. A Study of Factors Affecting Extraction

Abstract

A consideration of factors known to govern the formation of coordination compounds with metal ions led to the conclusion that the best ligands to use in attempting to separate beryllium from other metal ions of inert gas configuration by liquid–liquid extraction would be easily polarizable, monofunctional ligands. It is suggested that the thiocyanate ion, as ammonium thiocyanate, is particularly promising for metallurgical application.The organic solvent was shown to play an active role in the extraction, ketone or hydroxy groups on chains containing six to eight carbons giving good extraction with low solvent loss.

The Chemistry of Solvent Extraction

“…The lower MC1 3 , or higher MCI 2or MC\l~ species, despite their known presence in many cases in the aqueous solutions, have generally not been identified in the organic extract. On the other hand, it was necessary to assume the existence of complexes other than MC1± in order to fit distribution data into sets of mass-action law equations/ 208,221) The extractability of bivalent metal halides (223,224) has not been markedly improved, even using butanol as solvent. On the other hand, it was necessary to assume the existence of complexes other than MC1± in order to fit distribution data into sets of mass-action law equations/ 208,221) The extractability of bivalent metal halides (223,224) has not been markedly improved, even using butanol as solvent.…”

Determination of phenazopyridine in biological fluids using electromembrane extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography

“…Different miniaturized extraction procedures such as solid phase microextraction 9 and liquid-liquid microextration 10 techniques are also available. However, they are time-consuming and require large quantities of expensive, toxic, and environmentally unfriendly organic solvents.…”