Liquid–liquid extraction of cadmium(II) from sulfate medium using phosphonium and ammonium based ionic liquids diluted in kerosene

Swain, Sushree Sonali; Nayak, B.; Devi, Niharbala; Das, Suprava; Swain, N.

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.02.015

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To test the possible catalytic effect of these impurities, we carriedo ut the cycloaddition in the presence of amines using high purity,h ome-made BnN 3 ( Table 2). We ob-served that when 5mol %o fa mine with respectt ob enzyl azide was used, primary (entries 1-3), secondary (entry 4), and tertiary( entry 5) long-alkyl-chain-based mono-amines led to high yields of the corresponding 1,2,3-triazole, 1a.F or shortalkyl-chain derivatives, such as triethylamine or diisopropyle- [13] ), did not favor the cycloaddition (entries 8a nd 9). Dinitrogenated (EN = ethylenediamine; o-PDA = ortho-phenylenediamine and PHEN = phenantroline, entries 11-13, Ta ble 2) andt etranitrogenated (urotropine, entry 14) ligands did not trigger ap ositive outcome (yields < 12 %).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Non‐Metal Ingredients for Cu‐catalyzed “Click” Reactions in Glycerol: Nanoparticles as Efficient Forwarders

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez

Llanes

Pradel

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

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Abstract:The effect of long-alkyl chain amines in CuI-assisted azide-alkyne cycloadditions of terminal alkynes with organic azides in glycerol and other eco-friendly solvents (water, ethanol) has been examined. The presence of these additives favors the in situ formation of Cu(I)-based nanoparticles and results in an increase of reactivity. In glycerol, liquid phase Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses enabled by the negligible vapor pressure of this solvent proved that Cu(I) nanoparticles are responsible of the observed catalytic activity. The wide variety of alkynes and azides where this effect has been investigated (14 combinations) confirms the role played by these additives in Cu-catalysed Huisgen cycloadditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Non‐Metal Ingredients for Cu‐catalyzed “Click” Reactions in Glycerol: Nanoparticles as Efficient Forwarders

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez

Llanes

Pradel

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

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“…[6] Treatment technologies for the removal of pollutants involves various range of organic solvents, which are toxic and flammable enter the atmosphere with detrimental effect on the environment and human health. [7,8] ILs are recognized as ecofriendly alternatives to the conventional organic solvents owing to their outstanding properties such as negligible vapor pressure, high density, high ionic conductivity, moderate interfacial tension, high chemical and thermal stability, nonflammability, high solubility in organic and inorganic species, and even polymeric materials, reusability and low volatility. [6,10] In addition, their physicochemical properties can be tuned for a specific purpose by judicious selection of cation and anion of the liquid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Chemical Reactivity and Stability of Ionic Liquids Using Ab Initio and COSMO‐RS model

Rajadurai

Ramalingam²,

Lakshmi

2020

J Comput Chem

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In this study, the quantum chemical descriptors such as highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, HOMO‐LUMO energy gap, electrophilicity index, electronegativity, global hardness and global softness of five cations like 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium [BMIM]+, 1‐pentyl‐3‐methylimidazolium [PMIM]+, 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium [HMIM]+, 1‐heptyl‐3‐methylimidazolium [HEPMIM]+ and 1‐octyl‐3‐methylimidazolium [OMIM]+ and five anions including butyl sulfate [BUSO4]−, pentyl sulfate [PENSO4]−, hexyl sulfate [HEXSO4]−, heptyl sulfate [HEPSO4]−, and octyl sulfate [OCTSO4]− and their combination of 25 ionic liquids (ILs) were predicted using ab initio method. To validate the findings, the sigma profiles and sigma potentials were generated for all the studied ILs. From this study, it was observed that imidazolium‐based ILs with smaller anion size is the most favorable IL for the removal of pollutants from their resources and/or effluents. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Ionic liquids (IL) are known as task-specific extractants and have been highlighted in various scientific publications for their improved and adjustable physicochemical properties, such as thermal stability, high polarity, negligible vapor pressure, non-flammability, and wide range of miscibility with other organic solvents [ 11 , 12 ]. Quaternary ammonium-based IL, such as tri-octyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336), and phosphonium-based IL, e.g., trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride (Cyphos IL101), were used to extract Cd(II) [ 13 ]. Rapid extraction equilibria were achieved, where 99% of Cd(II) ions were extracted using 0.2 M Aliquat 336 and 0.04 M Cyphos IL101 in kerosene, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid Aliquat 336 with Tributyl Phosphate

Lee

Morad

Ismail

et al. 2020

IJMS

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This study investigates the separation of two heavy metals, Cd(II) and Cu(II), from the mixed synthetic feed using a liquid-liquid extraction. The current study uses tri-octyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) as the extractant (with tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a phase modifier), diluted in toluene, in order to investigate the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) ions. We investigate the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a masking agent for Cu(II), when added in aqueous feed, for the selective extraction of Cd(II). Five factors that influence the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) (the equilibrium pH (pHeq), Aliquat 336 concentration (Aliquat 336), TBP concentration (TBP), EDTA concentration (EDTA), and organic to aqueous ratio (O:A)) were analyzed. Results from a 25–1 fractional factorial design show that Aliquat 336 significantly influenced Cd(II) extraction, whereas EDTA was statistically significant for the antagonistic effect on the E% of Cu(II) in the same system. Moreover, results from optimization experiment showed that the optimum conditions are Aliquat 336 concentration of 99.64 mM and EDTA concentration of 48.86 mM—where 95.89% of Cd(II) was extracted with the least extracted Cu(II) of 0.59%. A second-order model was fitted for optimization of Cd(II) extraction with a R2 value of 0.998, and ANOVA results revealed that the model adequately fitted the data at a 5% significance level. Interaction between Aliquat 336 and Cd(II) has been proven via FTIR qualitative analysis, whereas the addition of TBP does not affect the extraction mechanism.

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Liquid–liquid extraction of cadmium(II) from sulfate medium using phosphonium and ammonium based ionic liquids diluted in kerosene

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Key Non‐Metal Ingredients for Cu‐catalyzed “Click” Reactions in Glycerol: Nanoparticles as Efficient Forwarders

Key Non‐Metal Ingredients for Cu‐catalyzed “Click” Reactions in Glycerol: Nanoparticles as Efficient Forwarders

Evaluation of Chemical Reactivity and Stability of Ionic Liquids Using Ab Initio and COSMO‐RS model

Optimization for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid Aliquat 336 with Tributyl Phosphate

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