Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Palladium (II) from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Dihexyl-Sulphide and -Sulphoxide

Sato, Taichi; Ishikawa, Izumi; Sato, Keita

doi:10.2473/journalofmmij.127.526

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The HCl + HNO 3 medium oxidises the sulphide group of DOS to sulphoxide 19, 41 , consistent with reports that DHS and DOS are prone to oxidation upon acid contact 1, 15, 19, 41 . The 1 HNMR spectra of native and acid-treated DOS are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Synthesis of pincer-type extractants for selective extraction of palladium from PGMs: An improved liquid-liquid extraction approach to current refining processes

Gandhi

Yamada

Haga

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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SCS pincer ligands 1–4 were synthesised, and their ability to extract Pd(II) from HCl and HNO3 media was studied. The Pd(II) extraction properties of 1–4 were compared with those of commercial extractants (DOS and LIX®84-I) in kerosene. 1 and 2 showed superior Pd(II) extractability (E% = 99.9) relative to DOS and LIX®84-I from 0.1–8.0 M HCl and to DOS from 0.1–8.0 M HNO3 and mixed HCl + HNO3 media. The Pd(II) extraction rate, acid durability, the most suitable organic/aqueous (O/A) phase ratio, and Pd(II) loading capacity of extractants 1, 2, and DOS were evaluated. 1 and 2 exhibited a greater Pd(II) extraction rate and Pd(II) loading capacity than DOS. 1 was very stable in acid media (HCl and HCl + HNO3), whereas 2 and DOS deteriorated in HCl + HNO3. Selective extraction of Pd(II) by 1 and 2 was achieved from a mixed solution containing Pd, Pt, Rh, rare metals, and base metal ions that simulated the leach liquors of automotive catalysts. The back extraction of Pd(II) and reusability of extractants 1 and 2 were studied. The Pd(II) extraction mechanism of 1–4 was investigated using FT-IR, UV-visible, and NMR spectroscopy.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Sato et al . 41 reported that the Pd(II) extraction efficiency of DHS was greater than that of DHSO in HCl. Pd(II) is a soft acceptor and tends to bind more strongly to soft donor atoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of pincer-type extractants for selective extraction of palladium from PGMs: An improved liquid-liquid extraction approach to current refining processes

Gandhi

Yamada

Haga

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Since [PdCl 4 ] 2À is a usual product of the traditional recovery process, [21] a conventional separation/purification method, such as solvent extraction, [22,23] can be applied.…”

Section: E Coordination State Of Pd 2+ In Solution Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution Process of Palladium in Hydrochloric Acid: A Route via Alkali Metal Palladates

Kasuya

Miki

Morikawa

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans B

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To improve the safety of the Pd recovery processes that use toxic oxidizers, dissolution of Pd in hydrochloric acid with alkali metal palladates was investigated. Alkali metal palladates were prepared by calcining a mixture of Pd black and alkali metal (Li, Na, and K) carbonates in air. Almost the entire amount of Pd was converted into Li 2 PdO 2 after calcination at 1073 K (800°C) using Li 2 CO 3 . In contrast, PdO was obtained by calcination at 1073 K (800°C) using Na and K carbonates. Our results indicated that Li 2 CO 3 is the most active reagent among the examined alkali metal carbonates for the formation of palladates. In addition, dissolution of the resulting Li 2 PdO 2 in HCl solutions was evaluated under various conditions. In particular, Li 2 PdO 2 rapidly dissolved in diluted (0.1 M) HCl at ambient temperature. Solubility of Pd of Li 2 PdO 2 was found to be 99 pct or larger after dissolution treatment at 353 K (80°C) for 5 minutes; in contrast, PdO hardly dissolved in 0.1 M HCl. The dissolution mechanism of Li 2 PdO 2 in HCl was also elucidated by analysis of crystal structures and particulate properties. Since our process is completely free from toxic oxidizers, the dissolution process via alkali metal palladates is much safer than currently employed methods.

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“…Our focus was to develop new extracting agents for the selective and efficient recovery of Pd(II) from PGM solutions for practical applications. Almost all the commercial extractants and other sulfur-based extractants developed show a 1:2 Pd:extractant ratio (Sato et al, 2011), while compound 1 was capable of forming an~6:1 (Pd:1) ratio and 2 formed an~4:1 (Pd:2) ratio, which is extremely high compared to commercial extractants (Rajiv . Compounds 1 and 2 were very stable in acidic media, showed good extraction properties even at very high HCl concentrations (0.1-8.0 M), and were easily regenerated and reused.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, the extractants dibenzyl sulfide, octylbenzyl sulfide, acyclic 2,2-thiobis(4-tert-butyl)phenol, p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene, and ptert-butylthiacalix[6]arene were found to extract Pd ions at pH 1-4 but show negligible extraction in 1 M HCl media (Rajiv Torgov et al, 2008Torgov et al, , 2012. Sato et al (2011) studied the liquid-liquid extraction of Pd(II) from HCl solutions by dihexyl sulfide and dihexyl sulfoxide. They have reported that the extraction efficiency of dihexyl sulfide is greater than dihexyl sulfoxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective extraction of Pd(II) ions from automotive catalyst residue in Cl− media by O-thiocarbamoyl-functionalized thiacalix[n]arenes

et al. 2015

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Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Palladium (II) from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Dihexyl-Sulphide and -Sulphoxide

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Synthesis of pincer-type extractants for selective extraction of palladium from PGMs: An improved liquid-liquid extraction approach to current refining processes

Synthesis of pincer-type extractants for selective extraction of palladium from PGMs: An improved liquid-liquid extraction approach to current refining processes

Dissolution Process of Palladium in Hydrochloric Acid: A Route via Alkali Metal Palladates

Selective extraction of Pd(II) ions from automotive catalyst residue in Cl− media by O-thiocarbamoyl-functionalized thiacalix[n]arenes

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