Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Nanoarchitectonics

Abstract

Science in the small world has become a crucial key that has the potential to revolutionize materials technology. This trend is embodied in the postnanotechnology concept of nanoarchitectonics. The goal of nanoarchitectonics is to create bio‐like functional structures, in which self‐organized and hierarchical structures are working efficiently. Liquid–liquid interface like environments such as cell membrane surface are indispensable for the expression of biological functions through the accumulation and organization of functional materials. From this viewpoint, it is necessary to reconsider the liquid–liquid interface as a medium where nanoarchitectonics can play an active role. In this review, liquid–liquid interfacial nanoarchitectonics is classified by component materials such as organic, inorganic, carbon, and bio, and recent research examples are discussed. Examples discussed in this paper include molecular aggregates, supramolecular polymers, conductive polymers film, crystal‐like capsules, block copolymer assemblies, covalent organic framework (COF) films, complex crystals, inorganic nanosheets, colloidosomes, fullerene assemblies, all‐carbon π‐conjugated graphite nanosheets, carbon nanoskins and fullerphene thin films at liquid–liquid interfaces. Furthermore, at the liquid–liquid interface using perfluorocarbons and aqueous phases, cell differentiation controls are discussed with the self‐assembled structure of biomaterials. The significance of liquid–liquid interfacial nanoarchitectonics in the future development of materials will then be discussed.

Layer-by-layer designer nanoarchitectonics for physical and chemical communications in functional materials

“…14 In nanoarchitectonics approaches, the architecture of functional materials from nano-units is achieved through selection and combination of operations, such as atomic and molecular manipulation and their physical and chemical transformations, organizational processes such as self-assembly/self-organization and orientation and alignment by external forces and fields, and more advanced nano/microfabrication and biochemical processes. 15 This methodology is not bound by material or application objectives and can be applied to a wide variety of objects. In fact, recent papers advocating nanoarchitectonics include multiple topics ranging from material synthesis, 16 structure control, 17 fundamental physical phenomena, 18 and biochemistry-related research 19 to applications such as catalysts, 20 sensors, 21 devices, 22 energy, 23 environment, 24 and biomedical research.…”

Nanoarchitectonics of Non-Noble-Metal-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions: Detailed Insights on Different Hydrogen Sources

“…One of the ultimate goals of chemical research in both industries and academia is the creation of sustainable, efficient, and green chemical processes. − In this regard, researchers are working worldwide to develop greener approaches and technologies for the chemical industry, motivated by green chemistry principles and the sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN). − Out of several chemical processes, selective hydrogenation is one of the most important organic transformation reactions which is extensively used in both chemical laboratories and industries for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. − Generally, two methods are mainly utilized for the hydrogenation of organic compounds, i.e., direct hydrogenation via molecular hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and second one is the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) method, wherein the hydrogen is transferred from various hydrogen sources. Conventionally, the hydrogenation of organic compounds was done by using molecular hydrogen (H 2 ), but this method has some limitations, such as the highly flammable nature of H 2 , the use of high temperature and, in addition, the handling of high-pressurized H 2 increases the infrastructure cost for large-scale industrial reactions, which is not a sustainable approach for hydrogenation reactions. − Due to these drawbacks of molecular H 2 , an alternative approach for hydrogenation reactions is CTH methodology, which can be done by using metal hydride reagents and other suitable hydrogen sources.…”

Materials Nanoarchitectonics at Dynamic Interfaces: Structure Formation and Functional Manipulation

“…Ultra-high temperature LB methods have also been developed that use conditions of 100 °C [ 364 ] or 200 °C [ 365 ], rather than the usual room temperature conditions. Organizing methods using not only the air–water interface but also the liquid–liquid interface have also been reported [ 366 , 367 ]. These methods can be called nanoarchitectonics methods using dynamic interfaces.…”