Liquid matrices for secondary ion mass spectrometry

Employing target modifications for the investigation of liquid infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

“…Therefore there is the possibility that the increased resolution in our spectra, and in the spectra obtained with succinic acid in Ref. 4, is the result of a higher extraction potential and/or shorter extraction region. One working hypothesis to explain the better mass resolution could be found in some kind of thermalization that occurs by collisional cooling in the dense plume between the sample surface and the grid before the ions leak through to the extraction region.…”

“…One possible solution to this problem could involve the employment of liquid matrices, as has been common practice in liquid matrix energetic atom or ion sputtering of surface active substances. 4 By using liquid matrices the irradiated sample spot can replenish itself by diffusion from the bulk sample solution and an increased homogeneity of the analyte/matrix mixture can potentially be achieved. Several liquid matrices have been shown to work for IR-MALDI thus far, glycerol being of particular utility.…”

Use of protic and aprotic solvents of high volatility as matrices in analytical low-temperature fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry

“…9,17,18 Since that time several reviews on the matrix aspect [19][20][21][22][23] and on the processes of desorption and ion formation [24][25][26] under FAB conditions have appeared. It is commonly accepted that a good matrix for FAB-MS has to meet the following requirements: 19,22 1) The samples must be soluble in the matrix, otherwise addition of co-solvents like dimethyl formamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) becomes necessary. 2) Only low vapor pressure solvents can be easily used.…”

Negative-ion low-temperature fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry of monomeric and dimeric [60]fullerene compounds

“…7 Thus, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) represents the only mass spectrometric technique for most of the dimers so far. 4,[8][9][10][11][12][13] However, MALDI-TOFMS exhibits limitations in the case of the rather unstable C 120 5,6 and it does not provide the unambigous identification of C 120 OS 13 because this cannot be distinguished from C 120 O 3 under these conditions.Good solubility of the sample in the matrix is a prerequisite for FAB-MS. [17][18][19][20] Consequently, the problems with FAB-MS arise from the extremely low solubility of the [60]fullerene dimers in conventional FAB matrices. Recently, a technique was introduced which employs volatile solvents, e.g.…”