Liquid membrane catalytic model of hydrolyzing cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural based on the lattice Boltzmann method

Abstract

Conversion of cellulose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important means of biomass utilization.

Coronary artery decision algorithm trained by two-step machine learning algorithm

“…The lattice Boltzmann method is extensively used to solve microuidics-related problems. [20][21][22][23] The Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook model with a single relaxation time is used to solve an incompressible uid. 24 The governing equation with the forcing term can be written as follows:…”

Lattice Boltzmann Method and Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network-Based Coke Mapping of Solid Acid Catalyst in Fructose Conversion

“…Besides, humin coke formation involves the intricate tracking of irregular liquid–solid boundaries while simultaneously dealing with chemical reactions and phase transitions. LBM exhibits advantages in handling irregular liquid–solid boundary conditions due to its concise formulation, wide applicability, and high accuracy. − We previously built a series of LBM models to simulate the multiphase transport, phase change, and heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic reaction processes, which helped expending the understandings of multiphase biomass conversion. ,,− The models we developed can effectively account for the formation of humins at the microscale and reflect it in the diffusion process at the macroscopic level. However, although the LBM helps obtain the details of the multifield reaction, it is still time-consuming for 2D or 3D nonequilibrium simulation cases.…”

Coking Prediction in Catalytic Glucose Conversion to Levulinic Acid Using Improved Lattice Boltzmann Model

“…To investigate the characteristics of biomass utilization, some LBM studies have been conducted, 28−31 but few researches have concentrated on biomass catalytic conversion in an aqueous phase to the best of our knowledge. 32 Generally, it is still challenging to build an accurate model that can predict the details of glucose conversion and coking formation at multiple scales. To model multiphase flow 33 and chemical reactions, 34 many computational studies have been conducted.…”

“…However, though great efforts have been made to introduce CFD techniques into related chemical engineering industries, there is a gap in biomass conversion simulation. To investigate the characteristics of biomass utilization, some LBM studies have been conducted, − but few researches have concentrated on biomass catalytic conversion in an aqueous phase to the best of our knowledge …”

“…First, in many conducted chemical reaction models, phase transition was not considered, which means the solid byproduct obtained from a liquid reactant is treated as a soluble species. These simplified models may not be accurate in biomass reactions because the effect of solid products blocking the mass transition and multiphase flow cannot be predicted without a phase transition model. , Very limited studies attempted to consider the phase transition in reactions, but reaction systems in these studies were very different from biomass catalytic conversion . Moreover, most of catalytic reaction models ,− ignored the possibly existing microscale pores in the heterogeneous porous catalyst by simplifying the catalyst into macroscopic channels and an impermeable solid phase.…”