Liquid Metal Based Nano-Composites for Printable Stretchable Electronics

Xu, Dan; Cao, Jinwei; Liu, Fei; Zou, Shengbo; Lei, Wenjuan; Wu, Yuanzhao; Liu, Yiwei; Shang, Jie; Li, Run-Wei

doi:10.3390/s22072516

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Micro-and nano-sized LM droplets are fabricated to realize easier access to the application of LM [68]. The size of LM can be regulated by the fabrication methods, including inkjet directly, inkjet in solution, mechanical stirring, atomization process, ultrasonic treatment, thermal evaporation, etc.…”

Section: Strechable Composites With Micro-or Nano-sized Lmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal-Based Electronics for On-Skin Healthcare

Cao

Liu

et al. 2023

Biosensors

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Wearable devices are receiving growing interest in modern technologies for realizing multiple on-skin purposes, including flexible display, flexible e-textiles, and, most importantly, flexible epidermal healthcare. A ‘BEER’ requirement, i.e., biocompatibility, electrical elasticity, and robustness, is first proposed here for all the on-skin healthcare electronics for epidermal applications. This requirement would guide the designing of the next-generation on-skin healthcare electronics. For conventional stretchable electronics, the rigid conductive materials, e.g., gold nanoparticles and silver nanofibers, would suffer from an easy-to-fail interface with elastic substrates due to a Young’s modulus mismatch. Liquid metal (LM) with high conductivity and stretchability has emerged as a promising solution for robust stretchable epidermal electronics. In addition, the fundamental physical, chemical, and biocompatible properties of LM are illustrated. Furthermore, the fabrication strategies of LM are outlined for pure LM, LM composites, and LM circuits based on the surface tension control. Five dominant epidermal healthcare applications of LM are illustrated, including electrodes, interconnectors, mechanical sensors, thermal management, and biomedical and sustainable applications. Finally, the key challenges and perspectives of LM are identified for the future research vision.

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Section: Strechable Composites With Micro-or Nano-sized Lmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal-Based Electronics for On-Skin Healthcare

Cao

Liu

et al. 2023

Biosensors

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“…In recent years, due to the excellent features realized by adding elements, a variety of heterophasic LMs have been introduced into different fields such as soft electronics, magnetic robots, catalysis, energy management, and biomedical applications [43,53–56] . This review intends to classify the recent research about heterophasic LMs through a fresh and practical perspective of elements and functionalities (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[51,52] In recent years, due to the excellent features realized by adding elements, a variety of heterophasic LMs have been introduced into different fields such as soft electronics, magnetic robots, catalysis, energy management, and biomedical applications. [43,[53][54][55][56] This review intends to classify the recent research about heterophasic LMs through a fresh and practical perspective of elements and functionalities (Figure 1). According to the functionalities derived from different metallic elements, heterophasic LMs are systematically organized into four categories in the review as shown in Figure 1b and Table 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional heterophasic liquid metals

Peng

Xin

Zhang

et al. 2023

Responsive Materials

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Liquid metals (LMs) have compelling applications in stretchable electronics, wearable devices, and soft robotics ascribing to the unique combination of room temperature fluidity and metallic electrical/thermal conductivity. Adding metallic elements in gallium‐based LMs can produce heterophasic (i.e., solid and liquid) LMs with altered properties including morphology, surface energy, rheology, electrical/thermal conductivity, and chemical reactivity. Importantly, heterophasic LMs can respond to external stimuli such as magnetic fields, temperature, and force. Thus, heterophasic LMs can broaden the potential applications of LMs. This report reviews the recent progress about heterophasic LMs through metallic elements in the periodic table and discusses their functionalities. The heterophasic LMs are systematically organized into four categories based on their features and applications including electrical/thermal conductivity, magnetic property, catalysis/energy management, and biomedical applications. This comprehensive review is aimed to help summarize the field and identify new opportunities for future studies.

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“…Liquid metal has excellent conductivity, deformability, and biocompatibility, which is very suitable for the application of wearable electronics, electronic skin, soft robot sensors, − electronic tattoos, and sensors for VR/AR globe sensors . Recently, liquid metal-based flexible sensors have received widespread attention due to their superior sensing performance and applications. − Liquid metal-based sensors can be roughly divided into the following: first, flexible sensors prepared by mixing a liquid metal with a flexible substrate; − second, a flexible sensor that sprays or prints liquid metal onto a flexible substrate surface; − third, a flexible sensor that fills a flexible substrate microchannel with liquid metal. − The liquid metal-filled microchannel sensor is attractive due to its simple preparation method and easy recovery of liquid metal . Regarding the liquid metal-filled microchannel sensor, elastic polymer materials are usually used as flexible substrates for embedded microchannels, making the sensor highly flexible and elastic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Elastic and High-Sensitivity Liquid Metal Sensor Based on Concave–Convex Structured Microchannel for Human Activity Monitoring and Object Recognition Sensor Array

Liu,

Yin,

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Due to the characteristics of liquid metal such as high conductivity, high fluidity, and good biocompatibility, liquid metal-based sensors have received extensive attention in wearable electronic devices, electronic skin, soft robots, and other fields. However, due to the buffering effect of the high elastic modulus of the flexible substrate, existing liquid metal-based pressure sensors still have shortcomings such as low sensitivity, poor stability, and long response time. This paper shows a method of introducing the concave–convex structure in the linear microchannel through 3D printing to prepare the liquid metal-filled microchannel sensor with high sensitivity, fast response, and high stability. The sensor produced by this method can be applied to human health monitoring, and the expanded sensor array can be applied to object recognition. The concave–convex structure enhances the sensitivity (2.17 kPa–1) of the pressure sensor by increasing the deformation of the microchannel through local pressure concentration, and the sensitivity of the sensor with a concave–convex structures is 10 times higher than that without a concave–convex structure. The sensor also exhibits a short response time of 0.27 s and high stability with no significant resistance changes after less than 10 000 loading–unloading cycles. Finally, the sensor is used for pulse monitoring and human joint motion monitoring as well as for the preparation of a flexible sensor array and its application for item identification.

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Liquid Metal Based Nano-Composites for Printable Stretchable Electronics

Cited by 14 publications

References 102 publications

Liquid Metal-Based Electronics for On-Skin Healthcare

Liquid Metal-Based Electronics for On-Skin Healthcare

Functional heterophasic liquid metals

Fully Elastic and High-Sensitivity Liquid Metal Sensor Based on Concave–Convex Structured Microchannel for Human Activity Monitoring and Object Recognition Sensor Array

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