Liquid phase exfoliated WS2 nanosheet-based gas sensor for room temperature NO2 detection

Patrick, D. Simon; Bharathi, P.; Mohan, M. Krishna; Muthamizchelvan, C.; Harish, S.; Navaneethan, M.

doi:10.1007/s10854-021-07246-x

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As noted above in reactions –, NO molecules may interact with the electron accumulation layer and thereby reduce its concentration via e-capture and hence enhance the p-type character of the sensing material. As an alternative, eqs and predict another possibility of NO detection via the WS 2 surface. , where “ads” indicates adsorbed and h + is a hole in the valence band. The increased hole concentration in p-WS 2 after NO adsorption, causes a resistance decrease .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite

Singh

Chen

Xuan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Continuous detection of toxic and hazardous gases like nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3) is needed for environmental management and noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, dual detection of these two gases has not been previously reported. To address the challenge, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of low-cost NH3 and NO dual gas sensors using tungsten disulfide/multiwall carbon nanotube (WS2/MWCNT) nanocomposites as sensing channels which maintained their performance in a humid environment. The composite-based device has shown successful dual detection at temperatures down to 18 °C and relative humidity of 90%. For 0.1 ppm ammonia, it exhibited a p-type conduction with response and recovery times of 102 and 261 s, respectively; on the other hand, with NO (10 ppb, n-type), these times were 285 and 198 s, respectively. The device with 5 mg MWCNTs possesses a superior selectivity along with a relative response of ≈7% (5 ppb) and ≈5% (0.1 ppm) for NO and NH3, respectively, at 18 °C. The response is less affected by relative humidity, and this is attributed to the presence of MWCNTs that are hydrophobic in nature. Upon simultaneous exposure to NO (5–10 ppb) and NH3 (0.1–5 ppm), the response was dominated by NO, implying clear discrimination to the simultaneous presence of these two gases. We propose a sensing mechanism based on adsorption/desportion and accompanied charge transfer between the adsorbed gas molecules and sensing surface. The results suggest that an optimized weight ratio of WS2 and MWCNTs could govern favorable sensing conditions for a particular gas molecule.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite

Singh

Chen

Xuan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), as a typical TMD, is of particular interest as it possesses desirable properties, including a tunable band structure, a vast specific surface area, low cost, a ambipolar field modulation behavior, and high electron mobility (234 cm 2 /vs at room temperature). 17 In particular, WS 2 (540 cm 2 /vs) is predicted to have higher hole transport properties compared to MoS 2 , MoSe 2 , and WSe 2 , respectively (270, 90, and 270 cm 2 /vs, respectively), indicating the potential for constructing gas sensor devices. 18 In addition, weak van der Waals forces connect vertically-stacked layers of covalently bonded W−S atoms, which allow target gases to freely diffuse between the layers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, room-temperature gas detection benefits from the bloom of 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) semiconductors, owing to their good adsorption properties, a large number of active sites, and excellent response for redox reactions. Tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), as a typical TMD, is of particular interest as it possesses desirable properties, including a tunable band structure, a vast specific surface area, low cost, a ambipolar field modulation behavior, and high electron mobility (234 cm 2 /vs at room temperature) . In particular, WS 2 (540 cm 2 /vs) is predicted to have higher hole transport properties compared to MoS 2 , MoSe 2 , and WSe 2 , respectively (270, 90, and 270 cm 2 /vs, respectively), indicating the potential for constructing gas sensor devices .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Flexible MXene-based Gas Sensor on Paper for Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Nitrogen Dioxide Detection

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flexible chemiresistive gas sensors have attracted growing interest due to their capability in real-time and rapid detection of gas. However, the performance of gas sensors has long been hindered by the poor charge transfer ability between the conventional metal electrode and gas sensing semiconductors. Herein, for the first time, a fully flexible paper-based gas sensor integrated with the Ti 3 C 2 T x -MXene nonmetallic electrode and the Ti 3 C 2 T x /WS 2 gas sensing film was designed to form Ohmic contact and Schottky heterojunction in a single gas sensing channel. Ti 3 C 2 T x /WS 2 has outstanding physical and chemical properties for both Ti 3 C 2 T x and WS 2 nanoflakes, showing high conductivity, effective charge transfer, and abundant active sites for gas sensing. The response of the gas sensor to NO 2 (1 ppm) at room temperature is 15.2%, which is about 3.2 and 76.0 times as high as that of the Au interdigital electrode integrated with the Ti 3 C 2 T x /WS 2 sensor (4.8%) and the MXene electrode integrated with the Ti 3 C 2 T x sensor (0.2%), respectively. Besides, this design performed at a limit of detection with 11.0 ppb NO 2 gas and displayed excellent stability under high humidities. Based on first-principles density functional theory calculation results, the improvement of the gas sensing performance can be mainly attributed to the heterojunction regulation effect, work function matching, and suppressing metal-induced gap states. This work provides a new approach for the design of flexible gas sensors on paper with MXene-based conductive electrodes and gas sensing materials.

show abstract

“…In fact, gas sensing studies with WS 2 appear to very closely follow the achievements made with MoS 2 . WS 2 has shown a reasonably high sensitivity towards the detection of several relevant gases, including NO 2 [ 299 , 300 , 301 , 302 ], NH 3 [ 278 , 303 ], H 2 S [ 301 , 304 ], and CO [ 264 ]. Similar to MoS 2 , doping with metal atoms has been used to achieve an improved sensitivity towards particular gas molecules for enhanced selectivity.…”

Section: Two-dimensional-material-based Gas Sensing Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Two-Dimensional Materials towards CMOS-Integrated Gas Sensors

Filipovic

Selberherr

2022

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last few decades, the microelectronics industry has actively been investigating the potential for the functional integration of semiconductor-based devices beyond digital logic and memory, which includes RF and analog circuits, biochips, and sensors, on the same chip. In the case of gas sensor integration, it is necessary that future devices can be manufactured using a fabrication technology which is also compatible with the processes applied to digital logic transistors. This will likely involve adopting the mature complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication technique or a technique which is compatible with CMOS due to the inherent low costs, scalability, and potential for mass production that this technology provides. While chemiresistive semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors have been the principal semiconductor-based gas sensor technology investigated in the past, resulting in their eventual commercialization, they need high-temperature operation to provide sufficient energies for the surface chemical reactions essential for the molecular detection of gases in the ambient. Therefore, the integration of a microheater in a MEMS structure is a requirement, which can be quite complex. This is, therefore, undesirable and room temperature, or at least near-room temperature, solutions are readily being investigated and sought after. Room-temperature SMO operation has been achieved using UV illumination, but this further complicates CMOS integration. Recent studies suggest that two-dimensional (2D) materials may offer a solution to this problem since they have a high likelihood for integration with sophisticated CMOS fabrication while also providing a high sensitivity towards a plethora of gases of interest, even at room temperature. This review discusses many types of promising 2D materials which show high potential for integration as channel materials for digital logic field effect transistors (FETs) as well as chemiresistive and FET-based sensing films, due to the presence of a sufficiently wide band gap. This excludes graphene from this review, while recent achievements in gas sensing with graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), phosphorene, and MXenes are examined.

show abstract

Liquid phase exfoliated WS2 nanosheet-based gas sensor for room temperature NO2 detection

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite

Fully Flexible MXene-based Gas Sensor on Paper for Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Nitrogen Dioxide Detection

Application of Two-Dimensional Materials towards CMOS-Integrated Gas Sensors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Liquid phase exfoliated WS2 nanosheet-based gas sensor for room temperature NO2 detection

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH3 and NO Using a WS2/MWCNT Composite

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH3 and NO Using a WS2/MWCNT Composite

Fully Flexible MXene-based Gas Sensor on Paper for Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Nitrogen Dioxide Detection

Application of Two-Dimensional Materials towards CMOS-Integrated Gas Sensors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite

Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH₃ and NO Using a WS₂/MWCNT Composite