Liquid phase extraction of azo dyes by novel calixarenes bearing phthalonitrile and diiminoisoindoline groups

A Study on The Usability of Some Phthalonitrile and Diiminoisoindoline Substituted Calixarenes as Liquid-Phase Extraction Agents for Some Toxic Ions

“…The carriers used throughout the study (3, 4, 5 and 6) were synthesized according to the literature method (Güngör, 2018), and their molecular structures were shown in Figure 1. Analytical reagent-grade chemicals were used to prepare solutions.…”

Novel oxadiazole- and triazole-based calixarene derivatives: synthesis and extraction properties

“…Extractions were performed following similar methods in the literature [21][22][23]. Firstly, 1x10 -5 M solutions of methyl orange containing 0.2 mol/L NaCl at pH = 3, 5, 7 and 9 and 1x10 -3 M solutions of compounds 4 and 5 in dichloromethane were prepared.…”

“…The water phase was taken and its absorbance was measured in UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 463 nm. The percentage of extraction was calculated using the equation below [21][22][23].…”

“…For this reason, many extraction and fluorescence studies have been performed with these compounds [16][17][18][19][20]. Especially, in extraction studies, calixarene derivatives seem to be particularly effective in removing carcinogenic azo dyes [21][22][23]. Since the derivatives of these compounds and their polymeric structures show good results in the removal of azo dyes, this makes the synthesis of calixarene derivatives important in such studies [24][25][26][27].…”

“…These two structures can act as ligands and easily interact with some metal ions because of their heteroatoms [36,37]. In the literature, calixarene derivatives with heterocyclic structure show very effective results in removing azo dyes [21][22][23]24]. Although different methods and structures are used, the calixarene molecule appears to be a good host for azo dyes.…”