Liquid phase mononitration of chlorobenzene over WOx/ZrO2: A study of catalyst and reaction parameters

Effect of tungsten surface density of WO3–ZrO2 on its catalytic performance in hydrogenolysis of cellulose to ethylene glycol

“…Among different types of WO x -based catalysts employed in the cellulose conversion reaction, tungstated zirconia shows unique performance, because it has high stability under both reduction and hydrothermal conditions. 23 Besides, it has been conrmed that WO x species on ZrO 2 can generate strong acid sites. 24 The lower surface free energy of WO 3 than that of ZrO 2 causes WO 3 to thermally spread on the ZrO 2 .…”

Aerogel and xerogel WO3/ZrO2 samples for fine chemicals production

“…The physico-chemical properties of ZW catalysts and, in particular, their acidity strength are strictly correlated to the synthetic procedure and mainly to the relative amount of each oxide. Usually ZW materials are prepared by impregnation of zirconium oxyhydroxide with ammonium metatungstate and subsequent high temperature oxidation or by co-precipitation of the zirconium and tungsten precursors [13,14]. Unfortunately, conventional mixed oxides synthesis techniques do not usually produce homogeneous materials with high surface area.…”