Liquid Viscosity Above the Normal Boiling Point.

Parisot, P. E.; Johnson, E. F.

doi:10.1021/je60010a024

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Numerous high temperature viscosity measurement methods, devoted mainly to establishing the pressure dependence of viscosity, are reported in the literature (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). XVith few exceptions, these measurements were of limited precision and required elaborate equipment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Logarithmic distribution coefficients of rare earth compounds fractionally precipitated from homogeneous solution

Firsching¹,

Aton²,

Bakowski³

et al. 1968

Anal. Chem.

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A study of the fractional precipitation of the rare earth iodates from homogeneous solution using double complexation and replacement has been made. The Doerner-Hoskins logarithmic distribution coefficient (lambda) has been found for a variety of combinations of two rare earths and two complexing agents. Lambda values obtained using two complexing agents have been compared with lambda values obtained using only one complexing agent. Additional lambda values have been calculated from these experimentally determined values. A comparison of calculated and experimental values are in good agreement. Approximate lambda values have also been computer calculated with a set of equations using solubility product and formation constant data.COPRECIPITATION effects have complicated fractional precipitation of the rare earths. Precipitation from homogeneous solution in the presence of a complexing agent has reduced coprecipitation ( I ) . This study shows that when two complexing agents are present further improvement has often been realized.To organize and interpret information on a fractional precipitation process, results are expressed using the Doerner-Hoskins logarithmic distribution coefficient or lambda. If the system under study obeys the Doerner-Hoskins equation, then the lambda will be the same for a different starting ratio of two ions to be separated or if the amount precipitated varies. This provides a handy means of evaluating what would otherwise be confusing and varied results.The application of the Doerner-Hoskins equation (2) to coprecipitation studies usually involved oxalates (3). Only limited work on rare earth iodates has been previously published (4-6). This study is similar to that previously reported for lanthanum and praseodymium (4) and represents the application of double complexation and replacement to many other rare earths. It also shows that double complexation often provides a superior separation over single complexation. EXPERIMENTAL Reagents.Analytical Grade reagents were used, except as described below.Rare earth oxides were purchased from two sources: Baker and Adamson, Allied Chemical, Morristown, N. J., and Alfa Inorganics Inc., Beverly, Mass. These oxides were generally of 99.9% purity with an occasional oxide of 99.8 %.Three of the complexing agents used in this study were (1) L. Gordon, M. L. Salutsky, and H. H. Willard, "Precipitation (2) H. A. Doerner and W. M. Hoskins, J . Am. Chem. SOC., 47,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Logarithmic distribution coefficients of rare earth compounds fractionally precipitated from homogeneous solution

Firsching¹,

Aton²,

Bakowski³

et al. 1968

Anal. Chem.

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Viscosity of saturated nonpolar liquids at elevated pressures

Letsou

Stiel

1973

AIChE Journal

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x(0) = and the control vector is bounded such that 0 6 ~1 1.0, -0.4167 4 ~2 4 0.972.This system meets the requirements of the algorithms since 1. u1 affects only x1 and u2 affects only XIj, 2. the normalized initial states are of the same sign, 3. and the xi's between x1 and x.3 cannot change sign as long as x1 and x6 do not change sign. The application of the proposed algorithm is as follows. First at t = 0, the constrained value of the controls u1 = 1.0 and u2 = 0.972 are applied. At t = 0.0586, XI = 0.000 so u1 is found from u1 = -(1/B1,1) [All 5 where [Ai] represents the ith row of the A matrix. u2 is kept at c972 until t = 0.2025. At that point %6 = 0.000 and u2 is found from u2 = -(11B6.2) [Ae] -5 From hence, u1 and u2 are calculated in a closed loop fashion until all the xi are within a desired tolerance of the origin. SUMMARYAn algorithm for generating the time-optimal deadbeat control policies for a class of lumped parameter systems has been presented and illustrated. The algorithm avoids the possibility of hidden oscillation, possible with other techniques proposed for solving this problem, because it is a continuous time algorithm. In addition, a portion of the algorithm is closed loop in nature, and only a small amount of computer storage is required to implement the solution.

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Correlation of orthobaric kinematic viscosities of liquid

Abbott

Kaufmann

1970

Can J Chem Eng

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Liquid Viscosity Above the Normal Boiling Point.

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Logarithmic distribution coefficients of rare earth compounds fractionally precipitated from homogeneous solution

Logarithmic distribution coefficients of rare earth compounds fractionally precipitated from homogeneous solution

Viscosity of saturated nonpolar liquids at elevated pressures

Correlation of orthobaric kinematic viscosities of liquid

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