Liquid water content measurements using the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer in the NASA Lewis Icing Research Tunnel

Rudoff, R. C.; Bachalo, E. J.; Bachalo, W. D.; Oldenburg, John R.

doi:10.2514/6.1993-298

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Plotting the LWC ratio against the wind tunnel velocity it can be seen that at low velocities the PDI results are above the LWC calculated over the mass flow and with increasing velocities the LWCPDI tends to become lower than the reference values. A similar result was obtained by Rudoff et al (1993) for the IRT. To see whether this dependency can be attributed more to the wind tunnel and the water mass flow methodology or the PDI, the other measurement techniques are first examined in detail.…”

Section: Comparison Of Lwc Measurements From the Different Instrumentssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In a typical droplet size distribution in a spray in the wind tunnel, large droplets occur by orders of magnitude less frequent than small droplets (Rudoff et al, 1993;McDonell and Samuelsen, 1996). Therefore, the choice of the number of droplets per test point is essential for a representative and comparable determination of the MVD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7). Rudoff et al (1993) showed also in NASA's Glenn Research Center's Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) that the droplet distribution can have a long tail towards large droplets, which can only be detected reliably with very long measurement durations. With the shadowgraphy setup used here, only very low data rates could be measured.…”

Section: Comparison Of Mvd Measurements From the Different Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of different droplet measurement techniques in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel

Knop¹,

Bansmer²,

Hahn³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The generation, transport and characterisation of supercooled droplets in multiphase wind tunnel-test facilities is of great importance for conducting icing experiments and to better understand cloud microphysical processes such as coalescence, ice nucleation, accretion and riming. To this end, a spray system has been developed, tested and calibrated in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel. Liquid droplets in the size range of 1 to 150 µm produced by pneumatic atomizers were accelerated to velocities between 10 and 40 m s−1 and supercooled to temperatures between 0 and −20 °C. Thereby, liquid water contents between 0.1 and 2.5 g m−3 were obtained in the test section. The wind tunnel conditions were stable and reproducible within 3 % standard variation for median volumetric diameter (MVD) and 7 % standard deviation for liquid water content (LWC). Different instruments were integrated in the icing wind tunnel measuring the particle size distribution (PSD), MVD and LWC. Phase Doppler Interferometry (PDI), laser spectroscopy with a Fast Cloud Droplet Probe (FCDP) and shadowgraphy were systematically compared for present wind tunnel conditions. MVDs measured with the three instruments agreed within 15 %, and showed high coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.985 for FCDP and 0.799 for shadowgraphy with respect to PDI data. The instruments' trends and biases for selected droplet conditions are discussed. LWCs determined from mass flow calculations are compared to measurements of the bulk phase rotating cylinder technique (RCT) and the above single particle instruments. For RCT and PDI, agreement of approximately 20 % in LWC was achieved, although in individual cases larger deviations depending on the flow conditions were detected. Using the different techniques, a comprehensive wind tunnel calibration for supercooled droplets was achieved, which is a prerequisite to provide well characterized liquid cloud conditions for icing tests for aerospace, wind turbines and power networks.

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Section: Comparison Of Lwc Measurements From the Different Instrumentssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Mvd Measurements From the Different Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of different droplet measurement techniques in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel

Knop¹,

Bansmer²,

Hahn³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Characterization and Capability of the Turbine Engine Corrosion Testing Facility at Arnold Engineering Development Complex

Moon

2018

2018 Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference

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A Prototype Probe For Direct Measurement of the LWC in SLD Clouds

Tan

Papadakis

2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Liquid water content measurements using the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer in the NASA Lewis Icing Research Tunnel

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of different droplet measurement techniques in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel

Comparison of different droplet measurement techniques in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel

Characterization and Capability of the Turbine Engine Corrosion Testing Facility at Arnold Engineering Development Complex

A Prototype Probe For Direct Measurement of the LWC in SLD Clouds

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