Liquids: Condensed, disordered, and sometimes complex

Simple liquids’ quasiuniversality and the hard-sphere paradigm

“…This reflects the fact that a liquid's existence depends on a delicate balance between attractive intermolecular interactions causing condensation and entropic forces preventing crystallization [20].…”

“…The van der Waals picture is not able to predict which systems are quasiuniversal and which are not. It is not surprising that complex liquids like water violate quasiuniversality [12,20], [153][154][155][156][157]. But even some simple liquid models (i.e.…”

Communication: Pseudoisomorphs in liquids with intramolecular degrees of freedom

“…These systems also obey a number of empirical freezing and melting rules [4][5][6][7]. In contrast, systems with strong directional bonds like covalently or hydrogen-bonded systems are often quite complex, for instance by having many different crystal structures, by having in parts of their thermodynamic phase diagram a diffusion constant that increases upon isothermal compression, by melting instead of freezing upon compression, etc [8]. Water is exceedingly complex and disobeys many rules that apply for metals and van der Waals systems [9].…”

Unifying description of the damping regimes of a stochastic particle in a periodic potential

“…Specifically, a number of different systems exhibit a long transient during which the displacement distribution is not Gaussian, but the dynamics is Fickian with the mean square displacement growing linearly in time [13], a feature termed as Brownian non-Gaussian dynamics. Indeed, a Brownian non-Gaussian dynamics is observed, for * AntPs@ntu.edu.sg † massimo@ntu.edu.sg instance, in dense colloidal suspensions [5,[14][15][16], granular materials [17][18][19][20][21][22], supercooled liquids and structural glasses [7,21,23,24], gels [25], plasmas [26], biological cells [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], networks or active suspensions [32,34,35], turbulent flow [36] and finance [37].…”