Liquidus Temperatures in the TiO<sub>2</sub>-Rich Side of the FeO–TiO<sub>2</sub>System

Grau, A. E.

doi:10.1179/cmq.1979.18.3.313

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In that study, the ferrous (Fe 2+ ) to ferric (Fe 3+ ) ratio was approximately 10, which is similar to in the present system. Nevertheless, in spite of the similar oxygen potential conditions, the previous work 21 was carried out at 1773 and 1673 K, which is lower than the liquidus temperature of FeO–TiO 2 22 . It seems that the decreased liquidus temperature may have resulted from the presence of uncontrolled impurities during their measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Reagent-grade ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ), TiO 2 , FeO, and Na 2 CO 3 were mixed to obtain target mole ratios. Measurements were carried out with up to 60 mol% TiO 2 because the liquidus temperature exceeds 1873 K above 65 mol% TiO 2 22 , and such a high temperature cannot be stably maintained in our present measurement system. The mixtures were ground in an agate mortar for homogeneous mixing and put into a crucible (outer diameter φ = 41 mm, inner diameter φ = 40 mm, and height = 65 mm) and placed in a vertical furnace at 1573 K under an Ar atmosphere.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Kim

Park

2019

Sci Rep

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Along with the increasing demand for the TiO2 pigment, the ilmenite smelting process has also become significant because it can utilize both rock- and sand-type ilmenite. However, due to the high liquidus temperature of the TiO2 slag system, the smelting process is highly energy consuming. In the present study, the viscosity of molten ilmenite slag was estimated using molecular dynamic simulations at a high temperature to achieve an appropriate and efficient slag design. To verify the validity of the simulation technique, experimental measurements were performed in parallel and their results were compared. The effects of FeO and Na2O addition on viscosity of TiO2 slag were also investigated. The addition of Na2O as a flux enhanced the ilmenite smelting process by not only lowering the liquidus temperature but also slowing the drastic viscosity increase. Statistical information obtained from the molecular dynamic simulations revealed a three-dimensional TiO6 octahedral network structure. The relationship between viscosity and structural change with varying FeO and Na2O concentrations was explored considering the coordination number of Ti and various bonding types.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Kim

Park

2019

Sci Rep

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Critical evaluation and optimization of the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the MnO-TiO2, MgO-TiO2, FeO-TiO2, Ti2O3-TiO2, Na2O-TiO2, and K2O-TiO2 systems

1993

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High-temperature phase relations and thermodynamics in the iron-titanium-oxygen system

Pesl

Eric

1999

Metall Mater Trans B

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Phase equilibria and thermodynamics in the FeO-TiO 2 -Ti 2 O 3 ternary system were studied at 1500 ЊC and 1600 ЊC. In particular, the liquid slag-phase region and its saturation boundary with respect to metallic iron, titania, and lower titanium oxides was investigated. The liquid slag-phase region extends substantially toward an anosovite (Ti 3 O 5 ) composition, and considerable concentrations of divalent iron coexist with trivalent titanium in the liquid-slag phase. This seems to be a consequence of the complete solid solution between ferrous pseudobrookite (FeTi 2 O 5 ) and anosovite (Ti 3 O 5 ), which exists at subsolidus temperatures. The liquid-slag field is significantly enlarged toward the anosovite composition upon increasing the temperature from 1500 ЊC to 1600 ЊC. Activities of the components "FeO" and TiO 2 in the liquid-slag region were determined by Gibbs-Duhem integration of the measured oxygen partial pressures at 1500 ЊC. The FeO shows moderate negative deviation, while titania shows a slight negative deviation in FeO-rich slags and a positive deviation in high-titania slags. The experimentally measured activity values were modeled using regular and biregular solution models, and good agreement was obtained with the biregular solution model.

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Liquidus Temperatures in the TiO₂-Rich Side of the FeO–TiO₂System

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Critical evaluation and optimization of the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the MnO-TiO2, MgO-TiO2, FeO-TiO2, Ti2O3-TiO2, Na2O-TiO2, and K2O-TiO2 systems

High-temperature phase relations and thermodynamics in the iron-titanium-oxygen system

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Liquidus Temperatures in the TiO2-Rich Side of the FeO–TiO2System

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Estimation of TiO2-FeO-Na2O slag viscosity through molecular dynamics simulations for an energy efficient ilmenite smelting process

Critical evaluation and optimization of the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the MnO-TiO2, MgO-TiO2, FeO-TiO2, Ti2O3-TiO2, Na2O-TiO2, and K2O-TiO2 systems

High-temperature phase relations and thermodynamics in the iron-titanium-oxygen system

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Liquidus Temperatures in the TiO₂-Rich Side of the FeO–TiO₂System