Liraglutide targets the gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system to regulate insulin secretion

Charpentier, J.; Briand, François; Lelouvier, Benjamin; Servant, Florence; Azalbert, Vincent; Puel, Anthony; Christensen, Jeffrey E.; Waget, Aurélie; Branchereau, Maxime; Garret, Céline; Lluch, Jérôme; Heymes, Christophe; Brousseau, Emmanuel; Burcelin, Rémy; Guzylack, Laurence; Sulpice, Thierry; Grasset, E.

doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01657-8

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…This action could be of major importance since we do not observe any effect on insulin release in all groups suggesting that the potential action of GLP-1 is independent of the well-described incretin effect of this hormone. Reinforcing this hypothesis is the fact that first, intestinal GLP-1 can stimulate the release of NO from nNOS neurons in the ileum in order to communicate with the brain via afferent nerves [ 20 ] and second, that GLP-1 could be now considered as enterosynes [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Human Milk Increases Apelin and GLP-1 Contents to Modulate Gut Contraction and Glucose Metabolism in Mice Compared to Holder Pasteurization

et al. 2022

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Background: High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing is a non-thermal method proposed as an alternative to Holder pasteurization (HoP) for the sterilization of human breast milk (BM). HHP preserves numerous milk bioactive factors that are degraded by HoP, but no data are available for milk apelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), two hormones implicated in the control of glucose metabolism directly and via the gut–brain axis. This study aims to determine the effects of HoP and HHP processing on apelin and GLP-1 concentrations in BM and to test the effect of oral treatments with HoP- and HHP-BM on intestinal contractions and glucose metabolism in adult mice. Methods: Mice were treated by daily oral gavages with HoP- or HHP-BM during one week before intestinal contractions, and glucose tolerance was assessed. mRNA expression of enteric neuronal enzymes known to control intestinal contraction was measured. Results: HoP-BM displayed a reduced concentration of apelin and GLP-1, whereas HHP processing preserved these hormones close to their initial levels in raw milk. Chronic HHP-BM administration to mice increased ileal mRNA nNos expression level leading to a decrease in gut contraction associated with improved glucose tolerance. Conclusion: In comparison to HoP, HPP processing of BM preserves both apelin and GLP-1 and improves glucose tolerance by acting on gut contractions. This study reinforces previous findings demonstrating that HHP processing provides BM with a higher biological value than BM treated by HoP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Human Milk Increases Apelin and GLP-1 Contents to Modulate Gut Contraction and Glucose Metabolism in Mice Compared to Holder Pasteurization

et al. 2022

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“…Indeed, liraglutide has been shown to reduce body weight by influencing the composition of the gut microbiota in simple obese and diabetic obese rats [ 70 , 71 ]. Notably, in vitro and animal studies showed that liraglutide can modulate inflammatory gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal immune cells [ 71 , 72 ]. As for other anti-obesity drugs, a recent study [ 73 ] investigated the effects of 42-day treatment with four drugs (sibutramine, tacrolimus/FK506, bupropion, and naltrexone), alone or in combination in obese rats.…”

Section: Therapeutic Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Gut Microbiota through Low-Grade Inflammation to Obesity: Key Players and Potential Targets

et al. 2022

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During the last decades, the gut microbiota has gained much interest in relation to human health. Mounting evidence has shown a strict association between gut microbiota and obesity and its related diseases. Inflammation has been appointed as the driving force behind this association. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota might influence inflammation in the host could pave for the identification of effective strategies to reduce inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity and obesity-related diseases. For this purpose, we carried out an extensive literature search for studies published in the English language during the last 10 years. Most relevant studies were used to provide a comprehensive view of all aspects related to the association of gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation with obesity. Accordingly, this narrative review reports the evidence on the key players supporting the role of gut microbiota in the modulation of inflammation in relation to obesity and its complications. Moreover, therapeutic approaches to reduce microbiota-related inflammation are discussed to provide potential targets for future research.

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“…37 GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide) can modulate the GM. 91 Zhang et al in a murine model, determined the effect of liraglutide (0.4 mg/kg/day) on GM composition. In this study, 58 bacteria changed significantly between the normoglycemic, diabetes-induced, and liraglutide groups (p < .05).…”

Section: Factors That Modulate the Microbiome In Patients With T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era

et al. 2022

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The association between the physio-pathological variables of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota composition suggests a new avenue to track the disease and improve the outcomes of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This enterprise requires new strategies to elucidate the metabolic disturbances occurring in the gut microbiome as the disease progresses. To this end, physiological knowledge and systems biology pave the way for characterizing microbiota and identifying strategies in a move toward healthy compositions. Here, we dissect the recent associations between gut microbiota and T2D. In addition, we discuss recent advances in how drugs, diet, and exercise modulate the microbiome to favor healthy stages. Finally, we present computational approaches for disentangling the metabolic activity underlying host-microbiota codependence. Altogether, we envision that the combination of physiology and computational modeling of microbiota metabolism will drive us to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of T2D patients in a personalized way.

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Liraglutide targets the gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system to regulate insulin secretion

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Human Milk Increases Apelin and GLP-1 Contents to Modulate Gut Contraction and Glucose Metabolism in Mice Compared to Holder Pasteurization

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Human Milk Increases Apelin and GLP-1 Contents to Modulate Gut Contraction and Glucose Metabolism in Mice Compared to Holder Pasteurization

From Gut Microbiota through Low-Grade Inflammation to Obesity: Key Players and Potential Targets

Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era

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