Lise öğrencilerinde internet bağımlılığının DEHB ve tütün/alkol kullanma ile ilişkisi

Abstract

Association of internet addiction in high school students with ADHD and tobacco/ alcohol use Objective: Our study aims at assessing the association between internet addiction (IA) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tobacco and alcohol use/experimentation in high school students living in the province of Zonguldak. Method: The study included 771 students enrolled in three high schools. They were assessed with a sociodemographic data form prepared by the researchers, the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), and the Adult Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) Diagnostic and Assessment Inventory based on the DSM-IV. Results: In 61 cases (7.9%), IA was established, in 90 cases (11.7%) ADHD. Of the cases with IA, 40 (65.6%) were male, 21 (34.4%) female. Internet access from home (p<0.001) and tobacco (p<0.001) or alcohol (p<0.001) use/experimentation history were found to be associated with higher CIAS scores. The rate of ADHD was found to be higher among those with IA (36.1%) than those without IA (9.6%). There was a significant correlation between ADHD scale scores and CIAS scores (r=0.38, p<0.001). Conclusion: According to our results, IA is associated with ADHD and alcohol/tobacco use. There is a need for follow-up studies to assess the causality of the association between ADHD, tobacco or alcohol use, and IA. Keywords: Adolescence, alcohol, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, internet addiction, tobacco ÖZET Lise öğrencilerinde internet bağımlılığının DEHB ve tütün/alkol kullanma ile ilişkisiAmaç: Çalışmamızda Zonguldak İlinde yaşayan lise öğrencilerinde internet bağımlılığı (İB) ile dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) ve tütün, alkol kullanma/deneme arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya üç lisede okuyan 771 öğrenci alınmıştır. Öğrenciler araştırmacıların hazırladığı sosyodemografik veri formu, Chen İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (CİBÖ), DSM-IV'e dayalı Erişkin Dikkat Eksikliği Bozukluğu/Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DE/DEHB) Tanı ve Değerlendirme Envanteri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Olguların 61'inde (%7.9) İB, 90'ında (%11.7) DEHB saptandı. İB saptanan olguların 40'ı (%65.6) erkek, 21'i (%34.4) kızdı. Evde internet erişiminin olması (p<0.001), tütün (p<0.001) veya alkol (p<0.001) kullanma/deneme öyküsünün olması daha yüksek CİBÖ puanlarıyla ilişkili bulundu. İB olan olgularda DEHB oranı (%36.1) İB olmayan olgulara göre (%9.6) daha yüksek saptandı. DEHB ölçek puanları ile CİBÖ puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı (r=0.38, p<0.001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre İB ve DEHB, tütün-alkol kullanımı arasında ilişki saptanmıştır. DEHB, tütün veya alkol kullanımı ve İB arasındaki ilişkilerin nedenselliğini değerlendiren izlem çalışmalarına ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar kelimeler: Ergenlik, alkol, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, internet bağımlılığı, tütün

The association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and internet addiction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The majority of studies were conducted in Taiwan [16–21] and South Korea [22–24], the remaining studies were performed in Turkey [25–27], Sweden [28] and in the US [29]. Targeted population were either adolescents or young adults, both genders were evaluated in all studies.…”

“…Studies were categorized into low (scored 8–9), medium (scored 6–7), and high risk of bias groups (scored ≤5). 8 studies [16–18, 21, 23, 27–29] were judged to high risk of bias, the remaining 7 studies [19, 20, 22, 24–26] were medium risk of bias. The detailed information about methodological quality assessment was presented in Tables 2 and 3.…”

“…Seven studies [17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 27] reported COR as outcome, 7 studies [17, 18, 20, 21, 28, 29] calculated AOR after adjusting for potential confounders (gender, age, school bullying, family maltreatment, race, educational level, lifestyle factors, physical factors, mental factors and social factors). All these studies showed a consistency regarding the presence and direction of association, the prevalence of ADHD was found to be higher in IA subjects than in non-IA subjects amidst the selected study.…”

“…3). The effect sizes were shown in Table 4, the association between IA and ADHD were small [17, 28, 29], moderate [20, 23, 25] or large [16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27].

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“…Seven studies [17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 27] reported prevalence of ADHD in IA groups. The combined prevalence showed that prevalence of ADHD in different age groups were similar: <18 years (prevalence 0.25, 95%CI 0.16, 0.33; Tau 2  = 0, Chi 2  = 6.24, df = 2 ( P  = 0.04), I 2  = 68%), ≥18 years (prevalence 0.23, 95%CI 0.08, 0.39; Tau 2  = 0.02, Chi 2  = 116.15, df = 2 ( P  < 0.00001), I 2  = 97%).…”