Literature Review about the Influence  Factors of Self-Employment

Wan, Lingya

doi:10.4236/ajibm.2017.72007

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Algunos trabajos han investigado la elección que toma una persona de auto emplearse sobre sus oportunidades profesionales tradicionales (Wan, 2017). Es así que varios autores argumenten que los individuos eligen el autoempleo como una opción profesional si las ganancias económicas derivadas de esta opción son superiores a las ganancias económicas de ser empleado (Al-Qadasi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Revisión De La Literaturaunclassified

Actitud hacia el riesgo de la actividad empresarial: evidencia utilizando modelos logit para dos grupos de países de la OCDE

Reyes Ruiz

2023

CyA

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<p>En este artículo se realiza un acercamiento al tema de la aversión al riesgo de fracasar que enfrenta una persona al tomar la decisión de ser un emprendedor. La información integrada por los reportes del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor sirvió para que, a través de los modelos no lineales de probabilidad logit y cuatro subperiodos comprendidos de 2001 a 2016, se compruebe si los factores educación, experiencia, conocimiento, habilidades, edad, entre otros, influyen directamente y permanecen constantes para que una persona tome la decisión de emprender un negocio. Este análisis se realizó para dos grupos de países miembros de la OCDE: el primer mundo y Latinoamérica. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron detectar y comparar los factores más distintivos en cada uno de estos grupos. Además, en cada grupo se detectaron las odd ratios que incrementan la probabilidad de que una persona sienta aversión al riesgo de fracasar al momento de emprender.</p>

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Section: Revisión De La Literaturaunclassified

Actitud hacia el riesgo de la actividad empresarial: evidencia utilizando modelos logit para dos grupos de países de la OCDE

Reyes Ruiz

2023

CyA

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“…There are many studies analysing the educational model in countries of origin and how it affects the success or otherwise of students (Dheer, 2017;Kangasharju & Pekkala, 2002;Padilla-Mel endez et al, 2014;Reilly, 2013;Wan, 2017). According to Morales (2006), the programmes are effective when the primary objective is for young people to participate in an education that trains them, both in educational terms and in the attainment of basic skills, and which fosters their processes of transition and integration towards adult, social, educational and productive life (Morales, 2006).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Labour integration of young people at risk of social exclusion through the development of key competencies

Aránega

Sánchez

Pérez

2020

Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja

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This study examines the key competencies that young people at risk of exclusion must develop to achieve integration into the labour market, and assesses their level of integration after their participation in the programme proposed. A programme for developing Social Skills is undertaken for three weeks. A methodology is presented to that end, based on constructing three synthetic indicators which aggregate and measure the different components proposed: Appearance, Confidence, Attitude, and Organisation and Planning. These three models measure the aspects before the programme and the aspects after the programme and the improvements are analysed. The results of the study are based on a sample of 373 young people between 18 and 30 belonging to vulnerable groups. An analysis of the results shows that the competencies that underwent the most significant changes were Attitude and Organisation and Planning. Control variables are applied (gender, age, experience and level of education). The results obtained in the model studying the aftermath of the programme show that the competence of Confidence influences the student's recruitment and incorporation into employment.

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“…Research was carried out in many fields such as economics, psychology, sociology and business management to determine how an individual engages in self-employment. Previous findings revealed that family and social characteristics (Wan, 2017;Wolfe and Patel, 2017) influence the individual's engagement in self-employment. In addition, personality (Chlosta et al, 2012), trait (Ekelund et al, 2005), cognitive factors (Kolvereid and Isaksen, 2006), risk-taking (Stewart and Roth, 2001) and demographic factors (Leoni and Falk, 2010) play a crucial role in determining individual's engagement in self-employment.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay of gratificationand business performancein least developed countries

Xayavongsa

Pholphirul

2019

JEEE

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Purpose Does delay of gratification affect the probability of engaging in self-employment and does it contribute to business performance? This paper aims to quantify impacts of delay of gratification on engaging in self-employment and business performance. Design/methodology/approach Using Lao PDR as a representative of least developed countries, the authors analyze nationally representative survey data from the Lao PDR – STEP Skills Measurement Household Survey and estimate the binary logit/probit model to quantify impacts of delay of gratification on probability of self-employment. And, the impacts of delayed gratification on business performance of the self-employed individuals are also estimated. Findings Those with a lower degree of delayed gratification tend to elect to be self-employed instead of being full-time employees. However, a higher delay of gratification score is found to positively correlate with higher business performance among those who are self-employed. Other control variables such as business characteristics, education level and skills of the self-employed also play an important role in higher business performance. Research limitations/implications Analysis from this paper still shows some weak points and limitations. First, the data set on self-employment has little representation from industry and the service sector and lacks many important variables such as parents’ characteristics and working hours. Second, there is no clear measurement of delay of gratification, as the measurements use only hypothesis money. Finally, there is a lack of studies to back up the result of delay of gratification on business performance, especially in a least developed country such as Lao PDR. The authors suggest that future research be conducted with richer data regarding the self-employed in industries and services. It would be quite interesting to study further the effect of delay of gratification along with grit, another behavioral variable, on business performance. Practical implications Based on the findings, it is therefore crucial that the Lao Government support a policy that helps strengthen both cognitive and noncognitive skills and the delay of gratification along with education to make Lao self-employment more productive. Social implications Providing the self-employed with adequate skills to succeed in their enterprises can lead them and the nation to escape the poverty trap. Family, school and government should promote delay of gratification among young children. Encouraging special activities that foster emotional and behavioral skills learning and practice for children, such as religious learning and meditation, might boost their ability to delay gratification. Moreover, support for skills training, both basic and job-relevant skills, could promote business experience exchange by creating an organization that provides guidelines, information and advice for self-employment. Originality/value Even though there is extensive research indicating that delayed gratification exists in many contexts, there are very few studies investigating the impact of delayed gratification on the business, especially on the decision to be self-employed and the resulting business performance. The delay of gratification could be one factor that influences decisions on job selection or employment status and that influences business performance as well. This paper is also the first one conducted in a least developed country such as Lao PDR.

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Literature Review about the Influence Factors of Self-Employment

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Actitud hacia el riesgo de la actividad empresarial: evidencia utilizando modelos logit para dos grupos de países de la OCDE

Actitud hacia el riesgo de la actividad empresarial: evidencia utilizando modelos logit para dos grupos de países de la OCDE

Labour integration of young people at risk of social exclusion through the development of key competencies

Delay of gratificationand business performancein least developed countries

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