Literature Review of Suspension Systems for Superconducting Elements

Piacentini, Luca; Dassa, Luca; Perini, Diego; Ratkus, Andris; Torims, Toms; Uberti, Stefano

doi:10.3390/machines11100929

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…This type is suitable for the above manufacturing process because all electromagnetic devices are installed on the track, so the electromagnetic impact of the system on transport logistics such as wafers and display panels is relatively low [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Additionally, the SH-EMS system allows for fast current control due to the lower electrical resistance of the superconductor compared to conventional formats, making it easy to compensate for the inherent instability of the MagLev system [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

Kim

2024

Sensors

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Recently, magnetic levitation systems have been applied and studied in various industrial fields. In particular, in-tracktype magnetic levitation conveyor systems are actively studied since they can effectively minimize electromagnetic effects in processes that require a highly clean environment. In this type of system, diverse and multiple sensors are structurally required so that the control performance of an integrated system is primarily governed by the slowest measuring sensor. This paper proposes a multisensor fusion compensator to integrate the outputs obtained from various sensors into one output with the single fastest time rate. Since the state of the system is estimated at a fast time rate, the optimal controller also guarantees fast performance and stability. The computation of electromagnetic fields and the control performance of the considered superconducting hybrid system were analyzed using a computer simulation based on finite element methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

Kim

2024

Sensors

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Design of a 6-supports exactly constrained supporting system for superconducting magnets and its application to rotating gantries for cancer therapy

Piacentini,

Dassa,

Perini

et al. 2024

Meccanica

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In particle therapy for cancer treatment, the radiation dose to tissues around the tumour can be reduced by employing a rotating gantry—a mechanical structure allowing the delivery of the particle beam to the patient from various angles. Gantries for ion therapy can benefit from the integration of superconducting magnets to minimize the size and weight of the machine. One significant challenge associated with the supporting system of superconducting elements is related to the management of their accuracy during both alignment and operational phases. Concurrently, heat flow from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures through the supporting system must be restricted as the ratio of power needed to operate the cooling system is around 1000 times the power extracted at cryogenic temperature. The design of the supports must consider the variability of the load during operation, i.e. guarantee accuracy of the cold-mass pose (position and rotation) under its own weight during a $${360\,\mathrm{ ^{\circ }}}$$ 360 ∘ gantry rotation. A literature review had been done highlighting the possible application of a novel exact-constrained solution for the support of superconducting magnets. Within the framework of the European project HITRIplus (heavy Ion Therapy Research Integration), this study proposes the design and optimization of a support system based on a $$6$$ 6 degrees of freedom parallel mechanism (exactly constrained kinematics). A mathematical model is proposed, referred as “error model”, to estimate the accuracy of the pose of the cold-mass due to major unrecoverable errors. The error model estimates the contribution of main error sources: the elasticity of the supports, the elasticity of the vacuum vessel enclosure and the influence of backlash in the joints. An optimization genetic algorithm has been developed and employed to find the optimal configuration of supports that simultaneously increases the accuracy and minimizes heat-loads to the cold-mass. The error model has been validated by finite element analysis, showing its validity for the optimization process. The optimised solution has been compared to solutions that were proposed initially based on common sense, intuition and had been manually refined: the optimized solution shows considerable improvements in the overall accuracy of the system and a substantial reduction of the heat-loads. The optimized solution also implements a pre-load system to eliminate backlash in the joints: this considerably improves the accuracy of the system. The error model presented allows computationally cheaper optimizations and variations of the designed architecture (i.e. variation in cross sections, change in material, change in geometry, implementation of pre-load etc...) with respect to a classic approach based only on finite element analysis. Furthermore, thanks to the kinematics characteristic of the proposed architecture, the 6-legs design clears the way for a more reliable implementation of an automated positioning system with respect to classical over-constrained architectures.

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Literature Review of Suspension Systems for Superconducting Elements

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

Design of a 6-supports exactly constrained supporting system for superconducting magnets and its application to rotating gantries for cancer therapy

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