Literature review of the burden of prostate cancer in Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Canada

Abstract

BackgroundProstate cancer is the most frequently reported cancer in males in Europe, and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current review was to characterize the clinical, economic and humanistic burden of disease associated with prostate cancer in France, Germany, the UK and Canada.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies reporting incidence and/or mortality rates, costs and health state utilities associated with prostate cancer in the settings of interest. For inclusion, studies were required to be published in English in full-text form from 2006 onwards.ResultsIncidence studies showed that in all settings the incidence of prostate cancer has increased substantially over the past two decades, driven in part by increased uptake of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening leading to earlier identification of tumors, but which has also led to over-treatment, compounding the economic burden of disease. Mortality rates have declined over the same time frame, driven by earlier detection and improvements in treatment. Both prostate cancer itself, as well as treatment and treatment-related complications, are associated with reduced quality of life.ConclusionsProstate cancer is associated with a significant clinical and economic burden, whilst earlier detection and aggressive treatment is associated with improved survival, over-treatment of men with indolent tumors compounds the already significant burden of disease and treatment can lead to long-term side effects including impotence and impaired urinary and/or bowel function. There is currently an unmet clinical need for diagnostic and/or prognostic tools that facilitate personalized prostate cancer treatment, and potentially reduce the clinical, economic and humanistic burden of invasive cancer treatment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12894-019-0448-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Applications of Blood-Based Proteomics in Cancer

“…While prostate cancer may require minimal or even no treatment at early stages, metastasizing to the bone is a serious concern for about 65–80% of advanced stage cases [ 200 , 201 ]. The five-year survival rate of prostate cancer patients with localized prostate cancer has increased to over 90% with improved technologies for the treatment at an early stage; however, once the tumor cells metastasize, the 5-year survival rate substantially decreases to only 28% [ 202 ]. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine protease that has been used extensively in clinical practice since 1988.…”

Introducing PIONEER: a project to harness big data in prostate cancer research

“…Total annual estimated costs for treatment of prostate cancer in the first year following diagnosis is approximately €117 million in the UK. The figure is two-to three-fold higher in France and Germany (2). This economic burden associated with prostate cancer is predicted to dramatically increase in the coming years due to aging of the population, as around 85% of all cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed in men over the age of 65 years (1, 3,4).…”

Clinical Pharmacists in Chronic Care

“…Based on GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates, 1,276,106 new cases of prostate cancer were reported worldwide in 2018, with higher prevalence in the developed countries [500,501]. In Europe, prostate cancer is now the most common cancer in men, accounting for 23% of all male cancers and 10% of cancer-related deaths in males in 2012 [502]. In the USA, the total estimated expenditure on prostate cancer was $9.9 billion 2006 [503] and expected to be $39 billion to more than $58 billion in 2020 [504].…”