Lithium–beryllium–boron: origin and evolution

Vangioni‐Flam, Elisabeth; Cassé, Michel; Audouze, J.

doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(00)00030-2

Cited by 81 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…However, a controversy on the [O/Fe] versus [Fe/H] trend measured in halo stars has led Fields & Olive (1999) to question the origin of LiBeB via a primary process. Indeed, the debate on the origin of LiBeB all along the Galactic evolution is still open (see, e.g., the review by Vangioni-Flam, Cassé, & Audouze 2000). In any case, it is clear that very early production of Be is dominated by any primary sources that are present .…”

Section: No 1 2002mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

Fields¹,

Daigne²,

Cassé³

et al. 2002

ApJ

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We investigate a possible nucleosynthetic signature of highly energetic explosions of C-O cores ('' hypernovae '' [HNe]) that might be associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We note that the direct impact of C-and O-enriched hypernova ejecta on the ambient hydrogen and helium leads to spallation reactions that can produce large amounts of the light nuclides lithium, beryllium, and boron (LiBeB). Using analytic velocity spectra of the hypernova ejecta, we calculate the LiBeB yields of different exploding C-O cores associated with observed hypernovae. The deduced yields are much higher than those produced by similar (direct) means in normal Type II supernovae (SNe) and are higher than the commonly used ones arising from shock wave acceleration induced by Type II supernova explosions. To avoid overproduction of these elements in our Galaxy, hypernovae should be rare events, with d3 Â 10 À2 hypernovae per supernova, assuming a constant HN/SN ratio over time; this result also implies that the HN production of Be is only a fraction of other sources, e.g., superbubbles. Our limit to the HN/SN ratio is in good agreement with that of long-duration GRBs if we assume that the gamma-ray emission is focussed in a solid angle so that hð =4 Þ À1 id3 Â 10 4 . This encouraging result supports the possible HN-GRB association. Thus, Galactic LiBeB abundance measurements offer a promising way to probe the HN rate history and the possible HN-GRB correlation. On the other hand, if hypernovae are associated with massive pregalactic stars (Population III), they would produce an LiBeB pre-enrichment in protogalactic gas, which could show up as a plateau in the lowest metallicities of the Be-Fe relation in halo stars.

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Section: No 1 2002mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

Fields¹,

Daigne²,

Cassé³

et al. 2002

ApJ

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“…Their derived abundances in metal-poor stars are difficult to reconcile simultaneously with standard predictions. Different production sites in the early Galaxy have been discussed: Big Bang nucleosynthesis (Wagoner et al 1967;Nollett et al 1997;Coc et al 2004;Jedamzik 2008), cosmic ray spallation and/or α-fusion (Reeves et al 1970;Vangioni-Flam et al 2000) and neutrino spallation (see e.g. Vangioni-Flam et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vangioni-Flam et al 1996). The most widely discussed picture is that lithium-6 has a cosmic-ray-induced origin (principally α-fusion) (Vangioni-Flam et al 2000;Aoki et al 2004;Asplund et al 2006;Rollinde et al 2006, and references therein) and lithium-7 a predominantly primordial one (Spite & Spite 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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⁶Li/⁷Li estimates for metal-poor stars

Pérez¹,

Aoki

Inoue³

et al. 2009

A&A

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Context. The presence of the lithium-6 isotope in some metal-poor stars is a matter of surprise because of the high values observed. Non-standard models of Big Bang nucleosynthesis and pre-Galactic cosmic ray fusion and spallation have been proposed to explain these values. However, the observations of this light isotope are challenging which may make some detections disputable. Aims. The goal was to determine 6 Li/ 7 Li for a sample of metal-poor stars; three of them have been previously studied and the remaining two are new for this type of study. The purpose was to increase, if possible, the number of lithium-6 detections and to confirm previously published results.Methods. Spectra of the resonance doublet line of neutral lithium Li i 670.78 nm were taken with the high dispersion spectrograph at the Subaru 8.2 m-telescope for a sample of five metal-poor stars (−3.12 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −2.19). The contribution of lithium-6 to the total observed line profile was estimated from the 1D-LTE analysis of the line asymmetry. Results. Observed asymmetries could be reproduced assuming isotopic abundance ratios 6 Li/ 7 Li of the order of: 0.004 for BD +26 • 3578, ∼0.010 for BD +02 • 3375 and G 64-37, 0.025 for BD +20 • 3603 and 0.047 for BD −04 • 3208. We found that these results were very sensitive to several of the assumptions made in the analysis, in particular, the treatment of the residual structure in the analysed spectra. Our final estimates for the errors are respectively Δ 6 Li/ 7 Li = ±0.028, 0.029, 0.039, 0.025 and 0.039. Conclusions. The 6 Li/ 7 Li ratios for the sample are comparable to or even lower than these error values, so that detections of lithium-6 can not safely be claimed despite of the high resolving power (R ∼ 95 000) and S /N (400−600).

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“…These two constraints can be satisfied by taking into account two additional sources of LiBeB (Vangioni-Flam et al 2000) : (1) the neutrino spallation in the He and C shells of SNe, which synthesizes 7 Li and 11 B, and (2) the break-up of low-energy nuclei injected in molecular clouds, which produces all LiBeB isotopes.…”

Section: Low-energy Component and Neutrino Spallationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Ray Production of Beryllium and Boron at High Redshift

Rollinde¹,

Maurin²,

Vangioni³

et al. 2008

ApJ

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Recently, new observations of 6 Li in Population II stars of the Galactic halo have shown a surprisingly high abundance of this isotope, about a thousand times higher than its predicted primordial value. In previous papers, a cosmological model for the cosmic-ray-induced production of this isotope in the intergalactic medium (IGM ) has been developed to explain the observed abundance at low metallicity. In this paper, given this constraint on the 6 Li, we calculate the nonthermal evolution with redshift of D, Be, and B in the IGM. In addition to cosmological cosmic ray interactions in the IGM, we include additional processes driven by supernova explosions: neutrino spallation and a low-energy component in the structures ejected by outflows to the IGM. We take into account CNO CRs impinging on the intergalactic gas. Although subdominant in the Galactic disk, this process is shown to produce the bulk of Be and B in the IGM, due to the differential metal enrichment between structures (where CRs originate) and the IGM. We also consider the resulting extragalactic gamma-ray background, which we find to be well below existing data. The computation is performed in the framework of hierarchical structure formation, considering several star formation histories, including Population III stars. We find that D production is negligible and that a potentially detectable Be and B plateau is produced by these processes at the time of the formation of the Galaxy (z $ 3).

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Lithium–beryllium–boron: origin and evolution

Cited by 81 publications

References 92 publications

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

⁶Li/⁷Li estimates for metal-poor stars

Cosmic Ray Production of Beryllium and Boron at High Redshift

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Lithium–beryllium–boron: origin and evolution

Cited by 81 publications

References 92 publications

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae and the Possible Hypernova–Gamma‐Ray Burst Connection

6Li/7Li estimates for metal-poor stars

Cosmic Ray Production of Beryllium and Boron at High Redshift

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⁶Li/⁷Li estimates for metal-poor stars