LiCl (195 μg/g body weight and day) reduces water uptake in Syrian hamsters by 40%. Sleep duration is increased from 50% per day to 60% per day. Other behavioural items are hardly influenced. Shortening and lengthening of the circadian period was induced by Li + in individual hamsters, but the mean period of the population was not changed. The upper limit of entrainment is increased by Li + .