Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management Systems: A Survey and New CFD Results

Falcone, Morena; Volo, Eleonora Palka Bayard De; Hellany, A.; Rossi, Claudio; Pulvirenti, Beatrice

doi:10.3390/batteries7040086

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…We make the assumption that the fluid is incompressible and that the cooling plate is isotropic and homogeneous. When this assumption is satisfied, the flow process of the fluid satisfies the equations of conservation of energy, conservation of momentum, and conservation of mass [37][38][39]. The battery energy conservation equation is expressed as follows:…”

Section: Cfd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Heat Dissipation Performance of a Liquid Cooling Battery Pack with Different Pin-Fins

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2023

Batteries

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The heat dissipation capability of the battery thermal management system (BTMS) is a prerequisite for the safe and normal work of the battery. Currently, many researchers have designed and studied the structure of BTMS to better control the battery temperature in a specific range and to obtain better temperature uniformity. This allows the battery to work safely and efficiently while extending its life. As a result, BTMS has been a hot topic of research. This work investigates the impact of pin-fins on the heat dissipation capability of the BTMS using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, designs several BTMS schemes with different pin-fin structures, simulates all schemes for fluid-structure interaction, and examines the impact of different distribution, number, and shape of pin-fins on heat dissipation capability and pressure drop. Analyzing the effect of cooling plates with different pin-fins on the thermal capability of the BTMS can provide a basis for the structural design of this BTMS with pin-fin cooling plates. The findings demonstrate that the distribution and quantity of pin-fin shapes might affect heat dissipation. The square-section pin-fins offer better heat dissipation than other pin-fin shapes. As the pin-fins number increases, the maximum battery temperature decreases, but the pressure drop increases. It has been observed that uniform pin-fin distribution has a superior heat dissipation effect than other pin-fin distribution schemes. In summary, the cooling plate with a uniform distribution of 3 × 6 square section pin-fins has better heat dissipation capability and less power consumption, with a maximum battery temperature of 306.19 K, an average temperature of 304.20 K, a temperature difference of 5.18 K, and a pressure drop of 99.29 Pa.

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Section: Cfd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Heat Dissipation Performance of a Liquid Cooling Battery Pack with Different Pin-Fins

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2023

Batteries

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“…The flow rate of liquid coolant has the same action that air does; nevertheless, lowering the coolant temperature reduces the maximum temperature of the battery but a rise in temperature nonuniformity ensues, Lv et al 22 One of the facilities that arises with liquid coolant is the possibility of dispersing nanoparticles to promote the thermal properties of the liquid 23 . However, several studies have considered the comparisons between the air and liquid coolants 24‐26 . These investigations are all in favor of the liquid's viability over the air coolant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 However, several studies have considered the comparisons between the air and liquid coolants. [24][25][26] These investigations are all in favor of the liquid's viability over the air coolant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling of lithium‐ion battery pack using different configurations of flexible baffled channels

Lazim,

Ismael

2024

Heat Trans

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The rated temperature and its uniformity of lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) battery (LIB) pack are the main demands for safe and efficient operation. This paper investigates an air cooling system of a pack of five prismatic LIB's generating considerable heat through discharging energy. The cooling system is a three‐dimensional channel with flexible baffles of different arrangements installed on the walls of the channel to lower and regulate the temperature of the batteries. Three arrangements of these baffles are studied, transverse; L‐shaped and staggered. The study is formulated as turbulent fluid–structure interaction and solved numerically using the finite elements method. The study was conducted for five spaces between batteries, S = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm and three different inlet air velocities, Uin = 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s. It was found that the flexible baffles guide the coolant towards the batteries smoothly with less pressure drop and this significantly improves the performance of the battery thermal management system due to the reduction of the maximum temperature and temperature variation as well. The staggered arrangement of the baffles shows the most effective configuration, where the maximum temperature difference between batteries is only 1.85°C for S = 1 mm and Uin = 2 m/s.

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“…These models were primarily divided into two categories: electrochemical-thermal coupled models [7] and electro-thermal coupled models [8]. The electrochemical-thermal model was originally proposed by Kumaresan [9], which related to Energies 2023, 16, 5962 2 of 19 the temperature changes in the ion diffusion and electrochemical reaction processes of the battery and was utilized to predict the temperature changes and distribution under various operating conditions. Moreover, it investigated the relationship between the solid-liquid phase concentration diffusion coefficient and ionic conductivity with temperature and ion concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A J-Type Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System Design and Optimization Based on the Electro-Thermal Coupled Model

et al. 2023

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Air-cooled battery thermal management system (BTMS) is a widely adopted temperature control strategy for lithium-ion batteries. However, a battery pack with this type of BTMS typically suffers from high temperatures and large temperature differences (∆T). To address this issue, this study conducted an electro-thermal coupled model to optimize the flow channel structure for reducing the maximum temperature (Tmax) and ∆T in a battery pack for a “J-type” air-cooled BTMS. The parameters required to predict battery heat generation were obtained from a single battery testing experiment. The flow and heat transfer model in a battery pack that had 24 18650 batteries was established by the Computational Fluid Dynamics software ANSYS Fluent 2020R2. The simulation results were validated by the measurement from the battery testing experiment. Using the proposed model, parameter analysis has been implemented. The flow channel structure was optimized in terms of the duct size, battery spacing, and battery arrangement for the air-cooled BTMS. The original BTMS was optimized to reduce Tmax and ∆T by 1.57 K and 0.80 K, respectively. This study may provide a valuable reference for designing air-cooled BTMS.

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Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management Systems: A Survey and New CFD Results

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Study on the Heat Dissipation Performance of a Liquid Cooling Battery Pack with Different Pin-Fins

Study on the Heat Dissipation Performance of a Liquid Cooling Battery Pack with Different Pin-Fins

Cooling of lithium‐ion battery pack using different configurations of flexible baffled channels

A J-Type Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System Design and Optimization Based on the Electro-Thermal Coupled Model

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