Lithofacies and sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Upper Jurassic siliciclastics in the eastern Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Iran

Zand-Moghadam, Hamed; Moussavi‐Harami, Reza; Mahboubi, Asadollah; Aghaei, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.01.021

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In the Kopeh Dagh and Dauletabad ranges, thick, shallow back‐reef carbonate rocks were deposited during Oxfordian to Tithonian time (Kavoosi, ; Kavoosi, Lasemi, Sherkati, & Mossavi‐Harami, ; Lasemi, ; Mahboubi, Moussavi‐Harami, Carpenter, Aghaei, & Collins, ). At the same time, the carbonate facies changes to siliciclastic coastal and delta facies towards the basin margins and palaeo‐highs, such as the Aghdarband area (Zand‐Moghadam, Moussavi‐Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, ). Carbonate facies deposition continued until the Tithonian and probably to the Early Cretaceous in the Kopeh Dagh Foldbelt (Kavoosi, Lasemi, Sherkati, & Mossavi‐Harami, ; Mahboubi, Moussavi‐Harami, Carpenter, Aghaei, & Collins, ; Zand‐Moghadam, Moussavi‐Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the carbonate facies changes to siliciclastic coastal and delta facies towards the basin margins and palaeo‐highs, such as the Aghdarband area (Zand‐Moghadam, Moussavi‐Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, ). Carbonate facies deposition continued until the Tithonian and probably to the Early Cretaceous in the Kopeh Dagh Foldbelt (Kavoosi, Lasemi, Sherkati, & Mossavi‐Harami, ; Mahboubi, Moussavi‐Harami, Carpenter, Aghaei, & Collins, ; Zand‐Moghadam, Moussavi‐Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, ). While in the Murgab Depression, the Callovian to Oxfordian shallow carbonate facies was overlaid by the thick salt–anhydrite of the Gaurdak Formation (Ulmishek, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upper Jurassic carbonates of the Mozduran-Kugitang formations rest unconformably on the Kashafrud-Baysun formations (Bajocian to Callovian) in eastern and southern parts of the basin. These carbonates pass laterally into coastal siliciclastic sediments towards the basin margin and palaeo-highs such as the Aghdarband erosional window towards the south-east (Kavoosi, Lasemi, Sherkati, & Mossavi-Harami, 2009;Moussavi-Harami & Brenner, 1992; Zand-Moghadam, Moussavi-Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, 2016). In the Murgab Depression and eastwards of the basin, Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate rocks (Kugitang Formation) are overlain by thick evaporites of the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian Gaurdak Formation (Klett et al, 2006;Ulmishek, 2004).…”

Section: Synrift Sediments Rest With An Angular Unconformity On Devonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facies analyses and depositional setting of the Lower Cretaceous Shurijeh–Shatlyk formations in the Kopeh Dagh–Amu Darya Basin (Iran and Turkmenistan)

et al. 2018

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The Lower Cretaceous siliciclastic fluvial to shallow marine Shurijeh-Shatlyk formations together form one of the main reservoir successions in the Kopeh Dagh-Amu Darya Basin (NE Iran, Turkmenistan, and north of Afghanistan). Sedimentary facies and thickness changes in the Shurijeh-Shatlyk formations show complex variations throughout the basin, which highlight the importance of understanding the controlling factors on facies distribution and depositional setting for future hydrocarbon exploration. Integration of 3D seismic data, 13 boreholes, and five surface stratigraphic sections led to identification of lithofacies and facies associations. The results allow subdivision of this siliciclastic succession into four stratigraphic units (A, B, C, and D). Our study indicates that base-level changes interacted with palaeotopography inherited from Middle Jurassic basin rifting, Upper Jurassic carbonate reefs/patch reef distributions, and reactivation of the deep basin faults, to control the Shurijeh-Shatlyk depositional setting and sedimentary facies distribution. Our findings show that the Aghdarband and Badkhyz-Maimana palaeo-highs affected the Kopeh Dagh-Amu Darya Basin throughout deposition of the Shurijeh-Shatlyk formations. Allogeneic processes and active tectonics, related to the Valanginian Late Cimmerian Orogeny, caused a base-level fall, exposure of Upper Jurassic carbonate sediments, and deposition of a carbonate pebbly conglomerate unit in the western part of the study area. This base-level fall led to the deposition of thick evaporites in the western area and conglomerate in the eastern parts of the Kopeh Dagh. Due to a Hauterivian sea-/ base-level rise, several deltas formed in the basin, which form the main reservoir zone in the Murgab Depression and Khangiran Field in Turkmenistan and Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synrift Sediments Rest With An Angular Unconformity On Devonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facies analyses and depositional setting of the Lower Cretaceous Shurijeh–Shatlyk formations in the Kopeh Dagh–Amu Darya Basin (Iran and Turkmenistan)

et al. 2018

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“…2). The salt and anhydrite of the Gaurdak Formation is absent in the Kopeh Dagh Foldbelt where the Mozduran Formation is directly overlain by Lower Cretaceous siliciclastic rocks of the Shurijeh Formation (Moussavi-Harami and Brenner 1990;Zand-Moghadam et al 2016;Aghaei et al 2018). Deposition of carbonate sediments continued until the Tithonian in the Kopeh Dagh Foldbelt (Kavoosi et al 2009).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic geomorphology and stratigraphic trap analyses of the Lower Cretaceous siliciclastic reservoir in the Kopeh Dagh-Amu Darya Basin

et al. 2019

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Lower Cretaceous Shurijeh-Shatlyk Formations host some of the main reservoirs in the Kopeh Dagh-Amu Darya Basin. Exploration in this area so far has focused on the development of structural traps, but recognition of stratigraphic traps in this area is of increasing importance. Integration of 3D seismic data with borehole data from thirteen wells and five outcrop sections was used to identify potential reservoir intervals and survey the hydrocarbon trap types in the East Kopeh Dagh Foldbelt (NE Iran). Analyses of horizontal slices indicated that the lower Shurijeh was deposited in a braided fluvial system. Generally, three types of channel were identified in the lower Shurijeh Formation: type 1, which is low-sinuosity channels interpreted to be filled with non-reservoir fine-grained facies; type 2, which is a moderately sinuous sand-filled channel with good prospectively; and type 3, which is narrow, high sinuosity channel filled with fine-grained sediments. Results indicate that upper Shurijeh-Shatlyk Formations were deposited in fluvial to delta and shallow marine environments. The identified delta forms the second reservoir zone in the Khangiran Field. Study of the stratigraphic aspects of the Shurijeh succession indicates that both lower and upper Shurijeh reservoirs are stratigraphic reservoir traps that improved during folding.

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“…This zone is a fold‐thrust belt separating the Turan block to the north and the central Iran microcontinent to the south (Moghadam & Stern, ). It extends eastwardly from the east of Caspian Sea through north‐east Iran to Turkmenistan and northern Afghanistan (Buryakovsky, Chilingar, & Aminzadeh, ; Zand‐Moghadam, Moussavi‐Harami, Mahboubi, & Aghaei, ). The oldest rocks exposed in this zone are Devonian to Lower Carboniferous (Lyberis et al, ).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mashhad komatiitic rocks in NE Iran: Origin and implications for the evolution of the Paleo‐Tethyan Ocean

Miao

Ghasemi

et al. 2018

Geological Journal

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Mashhad ultramafic volcanic rocks, located within the Paleo‐Tethys suture zone in the north‐eastern Iran, are composed mainly of komatiitic rocks with interbedded picrobasalts. The Mashhad komatiitic rocks are characterized by low Al2O3/TiO2 ratios (9.85–11.44) and depleted HREE patterns with slightly high (Gd/Yb)N ratios (1.48–1.74), similar to those of the Al‐depleted Barberton‐type komatiites. These rocks have ƐNd (t) values ranging from +9.0 to +10.4 and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios ranging from 0.7039 to 0.7072, indicating they were derived from a depleted mantle source. They have a total 187Re/188Os and 187Os/188Os ratios ranging from 0.278 to 72.254 and from 0.12741 to 0.14012, respectively, and display consistent PGE patterns similar to that of the primitive mantle. The picrobasalts have high contents of SiO2 (45.08–48.87 wt.%), MgO (7.28–11.51 wt.%), nearly flat REE pattern, and ƐNd (t) values ranging from +6.5 to +7.9 and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios focused on 0.7040 and 0.7070, illustrating that they were derived from a relatively enriched source compared with the komatiitic rocks. The thermobarometric calculations suggest that the Mashhad komatiitic rocks were generated by high degree partial melting between 20% and 30% at 1,604–1,681°C and 3.20–4.65 Gpa, essentially consistent with those of the Hawaiian mantle plume (1,500–1,600°C). These new data demonstrate that the Mashhad komatiitic rocks are of a mantle plume origin, which might have caused the opening of the Paleo‐Tethyan Ocean, and the mantle plume was likely located beneath or nearby the mid‐ridge of the Paleo‐Tethyan Ocean when the Mashhad komatiitic lava erupted, a scenario resembling the present Iceland and Ontong Java.

show abstract

Lithofacies and sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Upper Jurassic siliciclastics in the eastern Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Facies analyses and depositional setting of the Lower Cretaceous Shurijeh–Shatlyk formations in the Kopeh Dagh–Amu Darya Basin (Iran and Turkmenistan)

Facies analyses and depositional setting of the Lower Cretaceous Shurijeh–Shatlyk formations in the Kopeh Dagh–Amu Darya Basin (Iran and Turkmenistan)

Seismic geomorphology and stratigraphic trap analyses of the Lower Cretaceous siliciclastic reservoir in the Kopeh Dagh-Amu Darya Basin

Mashhad komatiitic rocks in NE Iran: Origin and implications for the evolution of the Paleo‐Tethyan Ocean

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