Lithologic controls of drainage density: A study of six small rural catchments in New England, N.S.W.

Day, Diana G.

doi:10.1016/0341-8162(80)90018-1

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Both Figures and show that the wetting up of the ephemeral channels in this system is variable both within and between gullies. It seems that the pattern of network expansion is neither ‘bottom up’ nor ‘top down’, but in fact most closely corresponds to the ‘disjointed’ pattern of network expansion described by Day (, ). This suggests that local controls on runoff may be significant in terms of the generation of flow in ephemeral portions of the channel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of the pattern of network expansion and contraction, the wetting up of the ephemeral channels is variable both within and between gullies. Network expansion is neither ‘bottom up’ nor ‘top down’, but most closely corresponds to the ‘disjointed’ pattern of network expansion described by Day (, ). The pattern of network expansion is similar between storms, with sites wetting up in a similar order each time, particularly when storms are similar in terms of antecedent water table levels and rainfall characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Temporary streams in a peatland catchment: pattern, timing, and controls on stream network expansion and contraction

Goulsbra

Evans

Lindsay

2014

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In peatlands, poorly maintained baseflows mean that network expansion during storm events can be rapid and pronounced, resulting in large changes in catchment connectivity. This has implications for the timing and magnitude of material fluxes from these environments, understanding of which is becoming increasingly important due to peatlands' significance as global carbon stores. In this study, electrical resistance (ER) technology has been used to create sensors capable of detecting the presence and absence of flow in ephemeral portions of the channel network. These sensors provide data on the patterns of network variation in the Upper North Grain research catchment, a small peatland headwater in the South Pennines, UK. Networks of around 40 sensors were deployed in autumn 2007 and summer 2008, giving a total of almost four months of high-resolution monitoring data. Drainage density in the catchment was found to vary between 1.4 and 30.0 km/km 2 , suggesting significant differences in connectivity between the expanded and contracted networks. Water table depth was identified as the key factor determining the temporal pattern of streamflow at both the site-and catchment-wide scales. Spatially, network expansion and contraction occurred in a disjointed manner, following a similar pattern between events, suggesting that localized controls are important for flow generation. Spatial controls on flow generation relate to local water table levels, and include drainage area, local dissection, channel slope and gully morphology. The importance of water table as the key control on catchment connectivity suggests that potential future change in catchment water tables, associated with projected climate change or with peatland restoration by rewetting, will modify the frequency of full catchment connectivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temporary streams in a peatland catchment: pattern, timing, and controls on stream network expansion and contraction

Goulsbra

Evans

Lindsay

2014

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Analysing some natural river networks, De found that the support fractal dimension, D 0 , and the information entropy, D 1 , were similar in basins having similar source rocks; therefore, they hypothesised that multifractal spectra can be an indicator of the lithologic characteristics of a basin. In fact, the bedrock features act as morphologic control, due to the influence on the erodibility of the surface materials and the infiltration capacity (Wilson, 1971;Day, 1980;Chorley et al, 1984). Drainage density is inversely related to infiltration, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lithologic control on the multifractal spectrum of river networks

Gaudio

Bartolo

Primavera

et al. 2006

Journal of Hydrology

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“…[2] Ephemeral streamflows are common in many environments and may be seasonal [Blyth and Rodda, 1973] but can also occur on time scales as short as over a single rainfall event [Day, 1980]. This can lead to dramatic variations in drainage density [Horton, 1932], particularly in headwater catchments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to the application of electrical resistance sensors to measuring the onset of ephemeral streamflow in wetland environments

Goulsbra

Lindsay

Evans

2009

Water Resources Research

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[1] Ephemeral streamflow events in headwater catchments are significant in terms of the flux of sediments, solutes, and discharge out of a catchment. Existing attempts to monitor these events, however, have traditionally been restricted to a limited series of manual observations or the use of temperature sensors which demand a great deal of data interpretation and often introduce significant timing errors. The use of electrical resistance sensors has been found to be one potential alternative, but this method has not yet been fully explored. This paper builds upon this method, presenting a new low-cost ephemeral streamflow (ES) sensor which is able to detect the onset and cessation of ephemeral streamflow events at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Furthermore, the data collected by the ES sensor needs only minimal interpretation. Laboratory testing reveals that the sensors are able to clearly distinguish between the presence and absence of water. Field testing in a small peatland headwater catchment in the South Pennines, United Kingdom, confirmed that the sensors were robust enough to withstand field conditions. Careful site selection enabled the production of a high-quality data set, showing the timings of multiple ephemeral streamflow events at numerous locations within the catchment. The low cost, good performance, and minimal data interpretation requirements of the ES sensors permit unprecedented high-resolution monitoring of ephemeral streamflows.Citation: Goulsbra, C. S., J. B. Lindsay, and M. G. Evans (2009), A new approach to the application of electrical resistance sensors to measuring the onset of ephemeral streamflow in wetland environments, Water Resour. Res., 45, W09501,

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Lithologic controls of drainage density: A study of six small rural catchments in New England, N.S.W.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Temporary streams in a peatland catchment: pattern, timing, and controls on stream network expansion and contraction

Temporary streams in a peatland catchment: pattern, timing, and controls on stream network expansion and contraction

Lithologic control on the multifractal spectrum of river networks

A new approach to the application of electrical resistance sensors to measuring the onset of ephemeral streamflow in wetland environments

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