Lithospheric deformation in the Africa‐Iberia plate boundary: Improved neotectonic modeling testing a basal‐driven Alboran plate

Neres, Marta; Carafa, Michele M. C.; Fernandes, Rui; Matias, L.; Duarte, João C.; Barba, Salvatore; Terrinha, Pedro

doi:10.1002/2016jb013012

Cited by 52 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…In northwestern Spain, a northward motion of ca. 0.1-0.3 mm yr -1 may be associated with the clockwise rotation of Iberia relative to Eurasia described by Palano et al (2015) and Neres et al, (2016). This motion is not observed in the northeastern 20 part of Spain, likely reflecting the location of the rotation pole and the specific dynamics of the Pyrenees (see Section 5.2).…”

Section: Reference Framementioning

confidence: 67%

Extracting small deformation beyond individual station precision from dense GNSS networks in France and Western Europe

Masson

Mazzotti

Vernant

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. We use dense geodetic networks and large GPS datasets to extract regionally coherent velocities and deformation rates in France and neighboring Western Europe. This analysis is combined with statistical tests on synthetic data to quantify the deformation detection thresholds and significance levels. By combining two distinct methods, Gaussian smoothing and k-means clustering, we extract horizontal deformations with a 95% confidence level ca. 0.1–0.2 mm yr−1 (ca. 0.5–1 × 10-9 yr−1) on spatial scales of 100–200 km or more. From these analyses, we show that the regionally average velocity and strain rate fields are statistically significant in most of our study area. The first order deformation signal in France and neighboring Western Europe is a belt of N-S to NE-SW shortening ca. 0.2–0.4 mm yr−1 (1–2 × 10−9 yr−1) in central and eastern France. In addition to this large-scale signal, patterns of orogen-normal extension are observed in the Alps and the Pyrenees, but methodological biases, mainly related to GPS solution combinations, limit the spatial resolution and preclude associations with specific geological structures. The patterns of deformation in western France show either tantalizing correlation (Brittany) or anti-correlation (Aquitaine Basin) with the seismicity. Overall, more detailed analyses are required to address the possible origin of these signals and the potential role of aseismic deformation.

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Section: Reference Framementioning

confidence: 67%

Extracting small deformation beyond individual station precision from dense GNSS networks in France and Western Europe

Masson

Mazzotti

Vernant

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The temperature in depth is determined using OrbData5 (Bird et al, ) and data records from the International Heat Flow Commission database (http://www.heatflow.und.edu/data.html), whereas the base of the lithosphere is determined by using the S wave tomography model S40RTS (Ritsema et al, ) following the scheme of Carafa, Barba, et al (). For further details on the input lithospheric data and modeling method to determine the lithospheric structure see Neres et al () and Carafa, Barba, et al ().…”

Section: Modeling Stress and Strain Rate: Total And Gpe Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modeling approach of SHELLS is detailed by Bird et al (2008). Neres et al (2016) used SHELLS to carry out neotectonic modeling for the region encompassing Iberia, North Africa, and NE Atlantic. They searched, among 5,240 simulations, for the most reliable modeling parameters, boundary conditions, and geodynamic scenarios.…”

Section: Modeling Stress and Strain Rate: Total And Gpe Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Potential Energy in Iberia: A Driver of Active Deformation in High‐Topography Regions

et al. 2018

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In this study, we present a new estimation of the gravitational potential energy (GPE) in Iberia and use numerical modeling to evaluate its relative contribution to the present‐day stress field and deformation. We also present an improved (larger time span and denser coverage) compilation of Global Navigation Satellite System velocities, which we use to compute the strain rate field of Iberia. We take advantage of recent neotectonic modeling developed for Iberia and northwest Africa to study the isolated dynamic contribution of GPE‐related stresses. We present two models—one including only the stress generated by GPE and another reproducing the net stress field—and compare their predictions with the most up‐to‐date compilations of stress indicators, hypocenter clusters, and geodetic strain rates. The main effect of GPE is to induce second‐order spatial variations in the stress field. GPE appears to play an important role in high‐topography regions, where it explains deviatoric stress patterns mainly associated with extensional regimes. In north Iberia, especially in the Pyrenees and Cantabria, GPE causes an extensional regime over the highest peaks. In the Iberian Chain and eastern Betics, GPE is in agreement with the observed extensional deformation. Normal focal mechanisms of shallow earthquake clusters appear to be related with GPE maxima and GPE‐induced extensional regimes. Wavelength analysis suggests that both GPE and the long‐wavelength topography of intraplate Iberia record the plate boundary forces that acted in Iberia during the Alpine orogeny at Eocene to lower Miocene times.

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“…We use the recent crustal and lithospheric structure model by Robert et al (2015) and the results from Jiménez-Munt et al (2008) and Tunini et al (2015 and2016). The thin-sheet approach has proven to be useful for studying both the present-day (neotectonic) deformation in collisional settings (Barba et al, 2010;Bird, Liu, & Rucker, 2008;Cunha et al, 2012;England & Molnar, 1997;Howe & Bird, 2010;Jiménez-Munt et al, 2001Liu & Bird, 2002;Marotta et al, 2001;Negredo et al, 2002;Negredo, Jiménez-Munt, & Villaseñor, 2004;Neres et al, 2016) and its evolution through time (England & Housemann, 1989;Garcia-Castellanos & Jiménez-Munt, 2015;Jiménez-Munt, Garcia-Castellanos, & Fernandez, 2005;Jiménez-Munt & Platt, 2006;Robl & Stüwe, 2005;Sobouti & Arkani-Hamed, 1996;Sternai et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neotectonic Deformation in Central Eurasia: A Geodynamic Model Approach

et al. 2017

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Central Eurasia hosts wide orogenic belts of collision between India and Arabia with Eurasia, with diffuse or localized deformation occurring up to hundreds of kilometers from the primary plate boundaries. Although numerous studies have investigated the neotectonic deformation in central Eurasia, most of them have focused on limited segments of the orogenic systems. Here we explore the neotectonic deformation of all of central Eurasia, including both collision zones and the links between them. We use a thin‐spherical sheet approach in which lithosphere strength is calculated from lithosphere structure and its thermal regime. We investigate the contributions of variations in lithospheric structure, rheology, boundary conditions, and fault friction coefficients on the predicted velocity and stress fields. Results (deformation pattern, surface velocities, tectonic stresses, and slip rates on faults) are constrained by independent observations of tectonic regime, GPS, and stress data. Our model predictions reproduce the counterclockwise rotation of Arabia and Iran, the westward escape of Anatolia, and the eastward extrusion of the northern Tibetan Plateau. To simulate the observed extensional faults in the Tibetan Plateau, a weaker lithosphere is required, provided by a change in the rheological parameters. The southward movement of the SE Tibetan Plateau can be explained by the combined effects of the Sumatra trench retreat, a thinner lithospheric mantle, and strik‐slip faults in the region. This study offers a comprehensive model for regions with little or no data coverage, like the Arabia‐India intercollision zone, where the surface velocity is northward showing no deflection related to Arabia and India indentations.

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Lithospheric deformation in the Africa‐Iberia plate boundary: Improved neotectonic modeling testing a basal‐driven Alboran plate

Cited by 52 publications

References 108 publications

Extracting small deformation beyond individual station precision from dense GNSS networks in France and Western Europe

Extracting small deformation beyond individual station precision from dense GNSS networks in France and Western Europe

Gravitational Potential Energy in Iberia: A Driver of Active Deformation in High‐Topography Regions

Neotectonic Deformation in Central Eurasia: A Geodynamic Model Approach

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