“…209,210 Norepinephrine (NE), histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine are some of the biogenic amines that have been identied in L. carinii. 211 Monoamine oxidase (i.e., MAO), acetylcholinesterase and dopamine-b-hydroxylase were found in macro-as well as microlariae of S. cervi, and DEC, levamisole and centperazine were found to inactivate these enzymes. Dopamine-b-hydroxylase has also been observed in L. carinii and D. viteae.…”
Filariasis is one of the oldest, most debilitating, disabling, and disfiguring neglected tropical diseases with various clinical manifestations and a low rate of mortality, but has a high morbidity rate, which results in social stigma.
“…209,210 Norepinephrine (NE), histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine are some of the biogenic amines that have been identied in L. carinii. 211 Monoamine oxidase (i.e., MAO), acetylcholinesterase and dopamine-b-hydroxylase were found in macro-as well as microlariae of S. cervi, and DEC, levamisole and centperazine were found to inactivate these enzymes. Dopamine-b-hydroxylase has also been observed in L. carinii and D. viteae.…”
Filariasis is one of the oldest, most debilitating, disabling, and disfiguring neglected tropical diseases with various clinical manifestations and a low rate of mortality, but has a high morbidity rate, which results in social stigma.
“…Octopamine (OA) has been found in the same nematode and appears to act antagonistically to 5-H T by increasing the rate of pharyngeal pumping and suppressing egg laying (Horvitz et al 1982). Catecholamines (dopamine (DA), norepinephrine and epinephrine) have also been found in a number of parasitic nematodes and have been detected in the nervous system by chromatographic and fluorescence techniques (Saxena et al 1977;Mishra, Sen & Ghatak, 1984;Goh & Davey, 1985;Frandsen & Bone, 1987;Smart, 1988a).…”
SUMMARYThe metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), octopamine (OA) and dopamine (DA) by adult male Ascaridia galli was investigated by incubating worms cut into 5 mm lengths with radio-isotope labelled amine. [14C]5-hydroxytryptamine and [14C]octopamine were taken up by the tissues and were metabolized to apolar products that co-chromatographed using both high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography with N-acetyl 5-hydroxytryptamine (NA5-HT) and N-acetyloctopamine (NAOA), respectively. N-acetylation was by far the most important reaction detected under these experimental conditions. A brief incubation of cut worms with [3H]dopamine resulted in the formation of a radio-isotope labelled metabolite that co-chromatographed with N-acetyldopamine (NADA) on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The N-acetyltransferase activity towards 5-hydroxytryptamine and octopamine was detected in crude homogenates of male worms only when the co-substrate, acetyl CoA, was added to the reaction mixture. This enzyme activity appeared to be mainly localized in a 40 000 g supernatant fraction. The failure of previous studies to detect N-acetylation of biogenic amines in tissue homogenates of nematodes may have been due to the low levels of acetyl CoA present in these enzyme preparations.
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