Liver cancer and hepatitis B and C in New South Wales, 1990–2002: a linkage study

Amin, Janaki; O’Connell, Dianne; Bartlett, Mark; Tracey, Elizabeth; Kaldor, John; Law, Matthew; Dore, Gregory J.

doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00121.x

Cited by 33 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Consistent with this trend, there was an increasing trend in the number of HCV-related deaths from liver cancer in Scotland over the period -2005(Palmateer et al, 2007. Similar rising trends in the incidence of HCV-related HCC have been observed over overlapping periods in England (1996England ( -2004Sweeting et al, 2007) and Australia (1990-2002Amin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…This large discrepancy in SIRs is attributable to differences in the definition of time at risk; in the NSW study, the observation period is defined to start 1 year after HCV diagnosis, as opposed to 14 days in this study. Notably, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed HCV among all HCC cases (8.8%) in Scotland was lower than the value (13.7%) reported for NSW (Amin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

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A record-linkage study of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in persons with hepatitis C infection in Scotland

et al. 2008

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We investigated trends in first-time hospital admissions and deaths attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a large population-based cohort of 22 073 individuals diagnosed with hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection through laboratory testing in Scotland in 1991 -2006. We identified new cases of HCC through record-linkage to the national inpatient hospital discharge database and deaths registry. A total of 172 persons diagnosed with HCV were admitted to hospital or died with first-time mention of HCC. Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence increased between 1996 and 2006 (average annual change of 6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9 -11.6%, P ¼ 0.021). The adjusted relative risk of HCC was greater for males (hazard ratio ¼ 2.7, 95% CI: 1.7 -4.2), for those aged 60 years or older (hazard ratio ¼ 2.7, 95% CI: 1.9 -4.1) compared with 50 -59 years, and for those with a previous alcohol-related hospital admission (hazard ratio ¼ 2.5, 95% CI: 1.7 -3.7). The risk of individuals diagnosed with HCV developing HCC was greatly increased compared with the general Scottish population (standardised incidence ratio ¼ 127, 95% CI: 102 -156). Owing to the advancing age of the Scottish HCV-diagnosed population, the annual number of HCC cases is projected to increase, with a consequent increasing burden on the public healthcare system. British Journal of Cancer (2008) The aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes excessive alcohol consumption and chronic infection with the hepatitis B or C virus. The incidence of HCC has increased in developed countries worldwide (Deuffic et al, 1999;El-Serag and Mason, 1999;Law et al, 2000), but data are limited on its cause. However, modelling initiatives have projected increasing numbers of HCC deaths attributable to hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (Deuffic-Burban et al, 2004Sweeting et al, 2007).In Scotland, HCV is responsible for a significant burden on healthcare (Hutchinson et al, 2006). Meeting the public health challenge of providing sufficient resources for treatment and care of patients with HCV requires up-to-date data on morbidity and mortality. However, national surveillance systems for detecting advanced HCV-related liver disease are currently lacking in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. The existence of high-quality national HCV diagnosis and hospital discharge databases provided the opportunity to use record-linkage techniques to investigate the annual number of new diagnoses of, and deaths from, HCV-related HCC.Our principal goal was to investigate trends in the annual incidence of HCC in the entire HCV-diagnosed population in Scotland through record linkage to hospital admission and deaths records. We also aimed to confirm previously reported associations between risk factors and progression to HCC. Up-to-date information regarding factors affecting the rate of development of HCC in individuals diagnosed with HCV is needed for informing clinical management and care, and for refining guidelines for early detection. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe desi...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

A record-linkage study of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in persons with hepatitis C infection in Scotland

et al. 2008

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“…The rate peaked in 2002, at 69 per 100,000 person years (Amin et al 2007). However, these risk estimates pertain to risk from date of diagnosis and hence are likely to overestimate the risk of cancer from time of HBV infection (Amin et al 2006a).…”

Section: Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a project linking HCC with HBV notifications in Australia using cancer registry and notifiable disease databases between 1990 and 2002, 16% of HCC could be linked to a HBV notifications (Amin et al 2007). The risk of HCC in those with HBV-notified infection was 31 times higher than those with no known HBV infection (Amin et al 2006a).…”

Section: Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of Sydney general practitioners' management of patients with chronic hepatitis B

Najjar

Gupta

Pritchard-Jones

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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Objective: To examine the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) assessment and management practices of general practitioners in the Sydney and South Western Sydney Local Health Districts, areas with a high prevalence of CHB, and to obtain their views on alternative models of care. Design, setting and participants: We used a descriptive, cross‐sectional study design to survey GPs who had seen at least one patient aged 18 years or over who had been notified as having CHB to the Public Health Unit between 1 June 2012 and 31 May 2013. There were 213 eligible GPs; the response rate was 57.7%. Main outcome measures: The CHB assessment, management and referral practices of the GPs, and their opinions about different models of care. Results: Most GPs (78.9%) were at least reasonably confident about managing CHB. GPs were generally most comfortable with a model of care that involved initial referral to a specialist; managing CHB without specialist input or with only review by a specialised nurse practitioner were less popular. Conclusion: These results suggest that barriers, including dependence on specialist input, still hinder the appropriate assessment and management of CHB patients by GPs. Well designed and targeted support programs that include specialist support are needed if there is to be a successful shift to an increased role for GPs in the model of care for managing CHB.

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World‐wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2015

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In order to assess the relative contribution of HBV and HCV to HCC worldwide, and identify changes over time, we conducted a systematic review of case series published up to the year 2014. Eligible studies had to report seroprevalence of both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV), alone and in combination, for at least 20 adult HCC cases. Studies using a first‐generation enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay test for HCV were excluded. A total of 119,000 HCC cases in 260 studies were included from 50 countries. Most European and American countries show a preponderance of HCV over HBV and a substantial fraction of viral marker–negative cases. Asian and African countries generally show a predominance of HBV. The fraction of HCV‐positive HCC cases is substantial in Taiwan, Mongolia, Japan, and Pakistan as well as in Western‐Central Asia and Northern Africa. No eligible studies were available in Oceania, large parts of Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia. The United States, Brazil, and Germany show evidence of higher prevalence of HCV in HCC since the year 2000. Conversely, Japan and Italy show a decline in the proportion of HCV‐positive HCC. Conclusion: HBV and HCV are predominant causes of HCC in virtually all world areas, with a growing fraction of HCC cases in several countries attributable to HCV. (Hepatology 2015;62:1190‐1200)

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Liver cancer and hepatitis B and C in New South Wales, 1990–2002: a linkage study

Abstract: Background/Aims: Hepatocellular

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

A record-linkage study of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in persons with hepatitis C infection in Scotland

A record-linkage study of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in persons with hepatitis C infection in Scotland

A survey of Sydney general practitioners' management of patients with chronic hepatitis B

World‐wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma

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