Liver function tests and their interpretation

Br, Thapa; Walia, Anuj

doi:10.1007/s12098-007-0118-7

Cited by 496 publications

(448 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This indicates the seeds extract of A. gummifera may induce renal toxicity in male rats at higher doses. This result is supported by other findings in that drug-induced nephrotoxicity may be gender related [28]. The serum levels of creatinine and urea in different druginduced nephrotoxicity were higher in males than females [28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This result is supported by other findings in that drug-induced nephrotoxicity may be gender related [28]. The serum levels of creatinine and urea in different druginduced nephrotoxicity were higher in males than females [28][29][30][31]. Usually urea is increased in acute and chronic intrinsic renal diseases, which is characterized by decrement in effective circulating blood volume within the kidney [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Debebe¹,

Afework²,

Makonnen³

et al. 2017

J Clinic Toxicol

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Albizia gummifera are plants found in Ethiopia that have different medicinal values.The objective of the present study was to evaluate the toxicological effects of sub-chronic administered hydro-ethanolic (70%) seeds extract of Albizia gummiferain albino Wistar rats. The seeds of these plants were collected from different areas of Ethiopia. They were dried and crushed to powder and macerated with hydro-alcohol and placed in orbital shaker. The extract was then filtered through Whatman filter paper No.1 and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness by Rota vapor and further concentrated by water bath at 40ºC. The extract was packed in air tight brown glass bottles and kept in a refrigerator at 4ºC. The extract was then administered to rats at different doses to determine the LD 50 of the extract and at doses of 125 mg/kg/day and 250 mg/kg/day for the sub-chronic toxicity study. The LD 50 of Albizzia gummifera were found as 4000 mg/kg and 3500 mg/kg, respectively. Statistically significant difference in body weight was observed in female rats in the 10 th week at 250 mg/kg body weight of seeds extract of Albizia gummifera administered group and in the male rats at lowest dose during the 9 th and 10 th weeks of administration period for seeds extract of Millettia ferruginea.The seeds extract of Albizia gummifera statistically decreased (p ≤ 0.05) MCHin the male rats at both doses; MCHC at both 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg in the female rats; and MCH in the female rats at higher dose and increased RDW-CV in the male rats at both doses. It increased NEUT at the highest dose in both females and males. The seeds extract of Millettia ferruginea decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in the MCHC and MONO of female rats at the highest doses. ALP, ALT and urea were found significant in the female rats administered with 250 mg/kg of seeds extract. While, seeds extract of Albizia gummifera increased only urea in male rats at 250 mg/kg. Some histopathological changes in liver and kidney were also observed for both plants extracts. There were inflammations, congestions and focal hepatocellular necrosis of the liver tissue. The extracts also produced atrophyof the glomeruli of the kidney. The observed changes in both of the plant seeds extract might have resulted because of the presence of some bioactive ingredients in the extract. Therefore, the active ingredients which might be responsible for toxic insult should be researched with their mechanisms of actions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Debebe¹,

Afework²,

Makonnen³

et al. 2017

J Clinic Toxicol

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“…The levels of total protein and serum albumin indicates biosynthetic capabilities of liver (Thapa and Walia, 2007) and hepatocellular toxicity is often indicated by decline in albumin:globulin ratio (Singh et al, 2011). An increase in the principal serum protein, albumin, indicates dehydration, whereas decrease in its level indicates liver, kidney, gastrointestinal disease and malnutrition (Kaneko et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Feeding Wheat and Paddy Straw on Blood Parameters and Serum Enzymes in Goats

Ganai¹,

Rastogi²,

Sharma³

et al. 2017

J. Anim. Health Prod.

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| Paddy and wheat generate multi-million tons of straw as residue. These two straws although similar in their nutrient content are quite different in microstructure and non-nutritive chemical composition. Present study scrutinized the effect of these straws when fed in combination as compared to fed as sole roughage on blood biochemical profile and serum enzymes. Eighteen non-descript local adult male goats were randomly divided into three equal groups as per randomized block design and were offered concentrate mixture @20g /kg metabolic body weight (W 0.75 ) along with either wheat straw (WS), paddy straw (PS) or wheat-paddy straw as 60:40 mix (WP) ad libitum. Feeding trial lasted for 30 days. The haemoglobin, total serum protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen and serum enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase) were comparable among goats irrespective of the diets. It may be concluded that wheat and paddy straw can be used as sole roughage or in combination without effecting blood biochemical profile and serum enzymes of goats.

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“…35 No significant changes in SGOT, SGPT, ALP and bilirubin level was observed in all treated group animals. Kidney function test was performed to assess whether treatment of MLECH and MLEVN to rats causes any damage to kidney.…”

Section: Safety Profile Of Mlech and Mlevn In Experimentalmentioning

confidence: 81%

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of methanol leafextract of Cardiospermum halicacabum L and Vitex negundo L in rats

Rajasekaran¹,

Govindarajan²,

Arivukkarasu³

2014

Phcog Commn.

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Introduction: Cardiospermum halicacabum L and Vitex negundo L are distributed throughout the plains of India and used in traditional practice for the treatment of inflammation and rheumatic disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate acute and sub-chronic toxicity of methanol leaf extracts of Cardiospermum halicacabum (MLECH) and methanol leaf extract of Vitex negundo (MLEVN). MLECH and MLEVN were evaluated for acute and sub-chronic toxicity in mice and rats respectively. Materials and Methods: The acute oral toxicity study was carried out as per the OECD guidelines 423 and the sub-chronic toxicity was carried out as per the guidelines set by OECD 407 with slight modification. Body weight, food consumption, water consumption, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, organ weight and histopathological analysis were carried out. Results: No sign of toxicity viz. lethargy, jerk, convulsion and mortality was observed upto 2000 mg/kg for MLECH and MLEVN in acute toxicity test. For subchronic toxicity test, single individual (400 mg/kg) and combined doses of MLECH and MLEVN (400 mg/kg each) in equal proportion not exhibited any signs of toxicity and mortality. Conclusion: In acute oral toxicity study, the oral administration of MLECH and MLEVN in mice was found to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg and in sub-chronic toxicity study no signs of toxicity observed at a dose of 400 mg/kg in rats.

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Liver function tests and their interpretation

Cited by 496 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Effect of Feeding Wheat and Paddy Straw on Blood Parameters and Serum Enzymes in Goats

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of methanol leafextract of Cardiospermum halicacabum L and Vitex negundo L in rats

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