Liver intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging: a comprehensive review of published data on normal values and applications for fibrosis and tumor evaluation

Lǐ, Yáo T.; Cercueil, Jean‐Pierre; Yuan, Jing; Chen, Weitian; Loffroy, Romaric; Wáng, Yì Xiáng J.

doi:10.21037/qims.2017.02.03

Cited by 131 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Rosenkrantz et al reported a decrease of monoexponential ADC in the liver with different sets of b‐values, which was only significant with a certain set of b‐values ( b = 0,500,600 s/mm 2 ). A recent comprehensive review article by Li et al, including 28 titles of human study of normal liver parenchyma, indicated a slight decrease of D at higher field strength, which is in good agreement with our results. They also reported an almost vanishing field strength dependency of f , which is also in keeping with our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

On the Field Strength Dependence of Bi‐ and Triexponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Parameters in the Liver

Riexinger

Martin

Rauh

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Background Studies on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging are carried out with different acquisition protocols. Purpose To investigate the dependence of IVIM parameters on the B0 field strength when using a bi‐ or triexponential model. Study Type Prospective. Study Population 20 healthy volunteers (age: 19–28 years). Field Strength/Sequence Volunteers were examined at two field strengths (1.5 and 3T). Diffusion‐weighted images of the abdomen were acquired at 24 b‐values ranging from 0.2 to 500 s/mm2. Assessment ROIs were manually drawn in the liver. Data were fitted with a bi‐ and a triexponential IVIM model. The resulting parameters were compared between both field strengths. Statistical Tests One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to test the obtained IVIM parameters for a significant field strength dependency. Results At b‐values below 6 s/mm2, the triexponential model provided better agreement with the data than the biexponential model. The average tissue diffusivity was D = 1.22/1.00 μm2/msec at 1.5/3T. The average pseudodiffusion coefficients for the biexponential model were D* = 308/260 μm2/msec at 1.5/3T; and for the triexponential model D1* = 81.3/65.9 μm2/msec, D2* = 2453/2333 μm2/msec at 1.5/3T. The average perfusion fractions for the biexponential model were f = 0.286/0.303 at 1.5/3T; and for the triexponential model f1 = 0.161/0.174 and f2 = 0.152/0.159 at 1.5/3T. A significant B0 dependence was only found for the biexponential pseudodiffusion coefficient (ANOVA/KW P = 0.037/0.0453) and tissue diffusivity (ANOVA/KW: P < 0.001). Data Conclusion Our experimental results suggest that triexponential pseudodiffusion coefficients and perfusion fractions obtained at different field strengths could be compared across different studies using different B0. However, it is recommended to take the field strength into account when comparing tissue diffusivities or using the biexponential IVIM model. Considering published values for oxygenation‐dependent transversal relaxation times of blood, it is unlikely that the two blood compartments of the triexponential model represent venous and arterial blood. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1883–1892.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

On the Field Strength Dependence of Bi‐ and Triexponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Parameters in the Liver

Riexinger

Martin

Rauh

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…While the repeatability of IVIM parameters estimates was improved by the use of an optimized b‐value scheme, the estimated parameter values were similar for the two b‐value schemes on the group level and agreed well with previous results on healthy liver …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The lower limit should be set high enough that the signal contribution from the perfusion compartment is negligible. In this study it was set to 200 s/mm 2 , which essentially removes all signal from the perfusion compartment in typical liver tissue ( D* = 70 µm 2 /ms) . This threshold is also commonly seen in literature although other choices occur as well .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective function used in the optimization was the average error over a range of values of D and f ( D ∊ [1.0 1.2] µm 2 /ms, f ∊ [0.15 0.30]), with error defined as the sum of the coefficients of variation as follows:

C V_{tot} = C V_{D} + C V_{f} = \frac{\sqrt{{()(, F^{- 1})}_{DD}}}{D} + \frac{\sqrt{{()(, F^{- 1})}_{ff}}}{f}

where ( F −1 ) DD and ( F −1 ) ff are obtained from Equations and , respectively. The average error was calculated by summing CV tot over 100 × 100 linearly distributed values of D and f on the specified range, which were based on previously reported parameter values in healthy liver …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of b‐value schemes for estimation of the diffusion coefficient and the perfusion fraction with segmented intravoxel incoherent motion model fitting

Jalnefjord

Montelius

Starck

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Purpose Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) modeling for estimation of the diffusion coefficient (D) and perfusion fraction (f) is increasingly popular, but no consensus on standard protocols exists. This study provides a framework for optimization of b‐value schemes for reduced estimation uncertainty of D and f from segmented model fitting. Theory Analytical expressions for uncertainties of D and f from segmented model fitting were derived as Cramer‐Rao lower bounds (CRLBs). Methods Optimized b‐value schemes were obtained for 3 to 12 acquisitions and in the limit of infinitely many acquisitions through constrained minimization of the CRLBs, with b‐values constrained to be 0 or 200 to 800 s/mm2. The optimized b‐value scheme with eight acquisitions was compared with b‐values linearly distributed in the allowed range using simulations and in vivo liver data from seven healthy volunteers. Results All optimized b‐value schemes contained exactly three unique b‐values regardless of the total number of acquisitions (0, 200, and 800 s/mm2) with repeated acquisitions distributed approximately as 1:2:2. Compared with linearly distributed b‐values, the variability of estimates of D and f was reduced by approximately 30% as seen both in simulations and in repeated in vivo measurements. Conclusion The uncertainty of IVIM D and f estimates can be reduced by the use of optimized b‐value schemes.

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“…The repeatability estimates found for D* in this work were relatively good, with an ICC greater than 0.75 for D* using the biexponential model, while D* had previously been found to be less stable, with wide variability in tumors . IVIM parameters are dependent on magnetic field strength to a small extent and the relatively low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) may compromise the precision of the calculated IVIM parameters . In the current study, we performed this examination at 3.0T MRI, and the SNR was relatively high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging in assessing bladder cancer invasiveness and cell proliferation

Wang

Xiao-lan

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Liver intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging: a comprehensive review of published data on normal values and applications for fibrosis and tumor evaluation

Cited by 131 publications

References 64 publications

On the Field Strength Dependence of Bi‐ and Triexponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Parameters in the Liver

On the Field Strength Dependence of Bi‐ and Triexponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Parameters in the Liver

Optimization of b‐value schemes for estimation of the diffusion coefficient and the perfusion fraction with segmented intravoxel incoherent motion model fitting

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging in assessing bladder cancer invasiveness and cell proliferation

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