2017
DOI: 10.21775/cimb.022.041
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Liver X Receptors and their Agonists: Targeting for Cholesterol Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract: Liver X receptors α (LXRα) and β (LXRβ) are essential for protection against cardiovascular diseases. LXRs are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of DNA-binding transcription factors and act as sensors of cholesterol homeostasis. In this review, we introduce LXRs and briefly describe the roles of LXRs in reverse cholesterol transport and trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux. We discuss LXR agonists and the downstream genes of LXRs that are involved in the regulation of cholesterol transport. In additio… Show more

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Cited by 67 publications
(47 citation statements)
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“…Oxysterols bind to LXR/RXR and activate reverse cholesterol transport, which removes cholesterol from nonhepatic cells and promotes excretion. This pathway putatively protects against cardiovascular disease by facilitating the removal of cholesterol from macrophage foam cells within atherosclerotic plaques . We found activation of bile acid and oxysterol pathways in KCs compared to IMs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 70%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Oxysterols bind to LXR/RXR and activate reverse cholesterol transport, which removes cholesterol from nonhepatic cells and promotes excretion. This pathway putatively protects against cardiovascular disease by facilitating the removal of cholesterol from macrophage foam cells within atherosclerotic plaques . We found activation of bile acid and oxysterol pathways in KCs compared to IMs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 70%
“…A). LXR is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that binds oxysterols in concert with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and activates transcription of reverse cholesterol transport genes in a cell . Figure B shows the genes enriched in KCs (green nodes) that are known to be controlled by these receptors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…and aging (10,11). Importantly, they play a regulatory role in diseases of aging including Alzheimer's disease (12,13), cardiovascular disease (14), and cancer (15). Given the commonality between pathogenic pathways regulated by nuclear receptors in age-related diseases and AMD, in an attempt to identify candidate receptors that may be important in disease initiation and progression, we previously developed a nuclear receptor atlas of human RPE cells, cells vulnerable in AMD (16).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…LXRα may serve a role in regulating metabolism (40) and inflammation (41). It has been demonstrated that changes in LXRs are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cardiovascular (42) and metabolic diseases (43), Alzheimer's disease (44) and various types of cancer (45).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%