“Living off the land”: resource efficiency of wetland wastewater treatment

Nelson, Mark D.; Odum, Howard T.; Brown, Mark T.; Alling, A.

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(01)00246-0

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…First of all, in comparison with similar systems used for treatment of sewage of large settlements, they require significantly higher specific capital and operating costs (Zhou, 2009;Nelson, & Odum, 2001). In addition, in most cases, they do not provide the quality of treated wastewater required by laws Zuo, (2004) calculate the "investment ratio" (Ir) equal to the ratio of the emergy of purchased resources to the sum of the emergy content of renewable and non-renewable resources.…”

Section: The Attempts To Improve Emergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in most cases, they do not provide the quality of treated wastewater required by laws Zuo, (2004) calculate the "investment ratio" (Ir) equal to the ratio of the emergy of purchased resources to the sum of the emergy content of renewable and non-renewable resources. Nelson, & Odum, (2001), Geber (2001) and Zhou (2009) use the ratio of flows of free and purchased resources to evaluate the stability, while…”

Section: The Attempts To Improve Emergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power density of the emergy flow fully characterizes the compactness of sewage treatment facilities, which is critical in case of the deficit of areas intended for accommodation of WWTP or in case of their high cost (Nelson et al, 2001;Arias, 2009) …”

Section: The Attempts To Improve Emergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergy Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Technology

Polyakova¹

2017

European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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The article presents a brief description and criticism of the current state of the emergy analysis for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and a new index for the assessment of environmental facilities. As well as in the analysis of economic systems, the assessment of systems and plants for the protection of the environment, provided in the literature, is based on the calculation of basic emergy indices (the emergy yield ratio (EYR) is the ratio of the sum of renewable kinds of emergy, non-renewable ones and purchased or free resources to the emergy of purchased resources; the environmental loading ratio (ELR) is defined as the ratio of the sum of nonrenewable and imported (purchased) emergy to renewable emergy; the emergy sustainability index (ESI) equal to the ratio of economy (EYR) to depletion (ELR) determines the degree of viability of the facility), which does not take into consideration a fundamental difference of production facilities and facilities designed to protect the environment from pollution. The environmental performance of the facilities, calculated as the ratio of the difference between the emergy estimates of preventable damage and caused damage to the preventable damage, must serve as the main emergy index for the assessment of treatment facilities.

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Section: The Attempts To Improve Emergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Attempts To Improve Emergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergy Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Technology

Polyakova¹

2017

European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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“…Untreated AMD causes water quality degradation in mining regions worldwide (e.g., Bell and Donnelly, 2006). Discharges of untreated MWW degrade water resources in many developing nations (Gadgil, 1998;Kivaisi, 2001;Nelson et al, 2001). In developed nations, where MWW is generally effectively addressed via active means, treatment consumes considerable financial, material and energy resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developed nations, where MWW is generally effectively addressed via active means, treatment consumes considerable financial, material and energy resources. Conventional MWW and AMD treatment are energy-intensive with higher operational and maintenance costs than passive methods (Nelson et al, 2001;Younger et al, 2002). Treating AMD and MWW together could save resources and alleviate some of the infrastructural challenges of building separate treatment systems in areas where these two waste streams are prevalent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Counts in an Ecologically-Engineered Acid Mine Drainage and Municipal Wastewater Passive Co-Treatment System

Winfrey

Strosnider²,

Nairn³

2009

JASMR

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Passive co-treatment of municipal wastewater and synthetic acid mine drainage in a laboratory-scale, four-stage continuous flow reactor system was examined for changes in fecal indicator bacteria counts. Synthetic acid mine drainage was mixed at a 1:2 ratio with raw municipal wastewater from the City of Norman, Oklahoma and introduced to the system. The municipal wastewater contained varying concentrations of total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), E. coli (EC), and fecal streptococci (FS). Initial concentrations ranged from 6-13, 0.6-6, 3-5, and 0.1-0.7 million cfu/100 mL, for TC, FC, EC, and FS, respectively. During the 6.6-day system residence time, a 100% reduction of all indicator bacteria was observed. However, indicator bacteria exhibited evidence of sublethal injury with slower colony formation rates on standard growth media. Extending standard incubation periods resulted in higher concentrations of all indicator bacteria in each treatment stage, except the final stage where only EC and TC counts increased. Although this co-treatment regime effectively reduced indicator bacteria concentrations, much remains unknown about the potential for sub-lethal injury to indicator bacteria and its impact on the viability of cotreatment for pathogen removal.

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Exploration of sustainable development by applying green economy indicators

Chen

Hsieh

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Following the global trend of sustainable development, development of green economy is the best way of slowing the negative ecological and environmental impact. This research establishes the Taiwan's green economic indicators based on the ecological footprint and energy analysis. The results are as follows: Taiwan's ecological footprint in 2008 intensity index was at 4.364; ecological overshoot index was at 3.364, showing that Taiwan's ecological system is in overload state. Moreover, this study utilizes energy analysis model to study the sustainable development of Taiwan. Findings showed that total energy use in 2008 was 3.14 × 10(23) sej (solar energy joule, sej), energy of renewable resources was 1.30 × 10(22) sej, energy of nonrenewable resources was 2.26 × 10(23) sej, energy of products from renewable resources was 1.30 × 10(22)sej, energy of currency flow was 8.02 × 10(22) sej and energy of wastes flow was 6.55 × 10(22) sej. Taiwan's energy per capita and the utilization rate of energy is lower while the environmental loading rate is significantly higher comparing to some other countries. The foregoing findings indicate that Taiwan currently belongs to an economic development pattern based on high resource consumption. The economic development is mainly established on the exploitation and utilization of nonrenewable resources. Therefore, Taiwan should change the development pattern, regulate the industrial structure, promote the utilization rate of resources, develop green pollution-free products, and enhance the sustainable development of ecological economic system.

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“Living off the land”: resource efficiency of wetland wastewater treatment

Cited by 62 publications

References 2 publications

Emergy Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Technology

Emergy Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Technology

Reduction of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Counts in an Ecologically-Engineered Acid Mine Drainage and Municipal Wastewater Passive Co-Treatment System

Exploration of sustainable development by applying green economy indicators

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