Living on the rocks: a new species of Stenanona (Annonaceae) from karst limestone forests of southern Mexico

Ortiz-Rodríguez, Andrés Ernesto; Gómez-Domínguez, Héctor; Espinosa-Jiménez, Josefa Anahí; Ruíz-Sánchez, Eduardo; Ornelas, Juan Francisco; Brewer, Steven W.

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.383.3.6

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“… Desmopsis terriflora is phylogenetically related to Stenanona migueliana , S. morenoi , S. stenopetala , and S. zoque (Fig. 3 ), from which the new species is distinguished by its glabrous leaves ( versus sparsely to densely pubescent), flagelliflorous habit ( versus trunciflorous), the red color of its flowers ( versus pink, yellow and white), the basal fusion of its sepals ( versus totally free sepals), and by the reduced number of ovules (1 to 2) per carpel ( versus several (5 to 10) ovules per carpel) ( Ortiz-Rodriguez et al 2018 ; Moreno-Méndez and Ortiz-Rodriguez 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

Martínez-Velarde,

Rodrigues-Vaz,

Soulé

et al. 2023

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Flagelliflory refers to the production of inflorescences exclusively on long, whip-like branches which emerge from the main trunk and extend along the ground or below it. It is the rarest type of cauliflory and only a few cases have been reported in the world. Here, a new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory is described and illustrated. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species were inferred using a hybrid-capture phylogenomic approach and we present some notes on its reproductive ecology and pollen characteristics. The new species, namely Desmopsis terriflorasp. nov., is part of a clade composed of Mexican species of Stenanona with long, awned petals. Desmopsis terriflora is distinguished by its flageliflorous inflorescences, basely fused sepals, thick red petals, reduced number of ovules per carpel, pollen grains with a weakly rugulate to fossulate exine ornamentation, and its globose, apiculate fruits with a woody testa. The morphological characteristics of the flagella suggest that these are specialized branches rather than inflorescences, and the absence of ramiflory implies an exclusively reproductive function. The flowers are infrequently visited by insects, their potential pollinators being flies and ants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

Martínez-Velarde,

Rodrigues-Vaz,

Soulé

et al. 2023

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“…For Araceae and Piperaceae, our results indicate that the diversity of both families is favored by their presence in karstic soils. Furthermore, from the total endemic species of Mexico (11,610 35 ). The limestone karst forest of Mexico is most diverse than similar forests of South America and Asia, even if considering the effect of different sampling areas (Table 3).…”

Section: How Diverse Is the Mountain-limestone Karst Forest Of Mexico?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This high diversity is attributed to their soil conditions, high heterogeneity of microhabitats, and their archipelago-like distribution [2][3][4][5][6][7] . Plant lineages that have colonised and diversified in these forests are specialized and characterised by small and generally disjunct distribution ranges, and with notorious morphological innovations 6,[8][9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Diverse are the Mountain karst Forests of Mexico?

Molina-Paniagua

Melo

Ramírez‐Barahona

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Tropical forests on karstic relief (karst forest) are among the most species-rich biomes. These forests play pivotal roles as global climate regulators and for human wellbeing. Their long-term conservation could be central to global climate mitigation and biodiversity conservation. In Mexico, karst landscapes occupy 20% of the total surface and are distributed mainly in the southeast of the country, along the eastern slope, and in the Yucatan Peninsula. Within each of these areas, the following types of karst occur: coastal karst, plain karst, hill karst, and low-, medium and high-mountain karst. Mountain karst forests cover 2.07% of Mexico’s surface and are covered by tropical rainforests, montane cloud forests, and tropical deciduous forests. It is probably one of the most diverse biomes in Mexico. However, the Mountain karst forest of Mexico has received little attention, and very little is known about it. Here, we evaluate the vascular plant species richness within the mountain karst forests of Mexico. We assembled the first, largest and most comprehensive datasets of Mexican, mountain karst forest species, from different public databases (CONABIO, GBIF, IBdata-UNAM), which included a critical review of all data. The families, genera and species present within the mountain karst forest of Mexico were compiled. Taxa that best characterize the forest of Mexico were identified based on their spatial correlation to this biome. Also, the conservation status of each of them was determined. We explored biodiversity patterns, identifying areas with the highest species richness, endemism centers, and areas of relatively low sampling intensity. We found that within the mountain karst forest of Mexico there are representatives of 11,771 vascular plant species (253 families and 2,254 genera), ca. 50 % of the Mexican flora. We identified 372 species endemic to these forests. According to preliminary IUCN red list criteria, 2,477 species are under some category of conservation risk, of which 456 (3.8 %) are endangered. Most of the Mexican karst forests have been extensively explored and six allopatric, species-rich areas were identified. Compared to other regions in the world, the mountain karst forest of Mexico is one of the most diverse biomes. It contains more species than some entire montane systems in Mexico such as Sierra Madre Oriental, and Sierra Madre del Sur. Also, the mountain karst forest of Mexico is most diverse than similar forests of South America and Asia, even if considering the effect of different sampling areas. The fact that mountain karst forest is covered by some of the most species-rich Mexican forests, in addition to being embedded in areas of high biotic diversity in Mexico, probably contributes to its great floristic diversity. Thus, the mountain karst forest of Mexico is an important source of diversity and shelters a large percentage of the Mexican flora.

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“…This high diversity is attributed to their soil conditions, high heterogeneity of microhabitats, and their archipelago-like distribution [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It is probable that many plant lineages that have colonized and diversified within these forests are specialized and characterized by their small and generally disjunct distribution ranges [9][10][11][12]. Thus, tropical karst forests are an ideal model to study the effects of their discontinuous distribution and extreme environmental conditions on their levels of endemism and biodiversity [2,7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How diverse are the mountain karst forests of Mexico?

Molina-Paniagua,

Alves de Melo,

Ramírez-Barahona

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

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Tropical forests on karstic relief (tropical karst forest) are among the most species-rich biomes. These forests play pivotal roles as global climate regulators and for human wellbeing. Their long-term conservation could be central to global climate mitigation and biodiversity conservation. In Mexico, karst landscapes occupy 20% of the total land surface and are distributed mainly in the southeast of the country, along the eastern slope, and in the Yucatan Peninsula. Within each of these areas, the following types of karst occur: coastal karst, plain karst, hill karst, and mountain karst (low, medium, high). Mountain karst cover 2.07% of Mexico’s land surface and are covered by tropical rainforests, montane cloud forests, and tropical deciduous forests. These are probably one of the most diverse biomes in Mexico. However, the mountain karst forests of Mexico have received little attention, and very little is known about their diversity. Here, we evaluated the vascular plant species richness within the mountain karst forests of Mexico. We assembled the first, largest, and most comprehensive datasets of Mexican mountain karst forest species, from different public databases (CONABIO, GBIF, IBdata-UNAM), which included a critical review of all data. We compiled a list of the families, genera, and species present within the mountain karst forests of Mexico. Taxa that best characterize these forests were identified based on their spatial correlation with this biome. We explored biodiversity patterns, identifying areas with the highest species richness, endemism centers, and areas of relatively low sampling intensity. We found that within the mountain karst forests of Mexico there are representatives of 11,771 vascular plant species (253 families and 2,254 genera), ca. 50% of the Mexican flora. We identified 372 species endemic to these forests. According to preliminary IUCN red list criteria, 2,477 species are under some category of conservation risk, of which 456 (3.8%) are endangered. Most of the Mexican mountain karst forests have been extensively explored and six allopatric, species-rich areas were identified. Compared to other regions in the world, the mountain karst forests of Mexico are one of the most diverse biomes. They contain more species than some entire montane systems in Mexico such as Sierra Madre Oriental, and Sierra Madre del Sur. Also, the mountain karst forests of Mexico are most diverse than similar forests of South America and Asia, even if considering the effect of different sampling areas. The fact that mountain karst forests are embedded in areas of high biotic diversity, probably contributes to their great floristic diversity. Thus, the mountain karst forests of Mexico are an important source of diversity and shelters a large percentage of the Mexican flora.

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Living on the rocks: a new species of Stenanona (Annonaceae) from karst limestone forests of southern Mexico

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

How Diverse are the Mountain karst Forests of Mexico?

How diverse are the mountain karst forests of Mexico?

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Living on the rocks: a new species of Stenanona (Annonaceae) from karst limestone forests of southern Mexico

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

﻿Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

﻿Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

How Diverse are the Mountain karst Forests of Mexico?

How diverse are the mountain karst forests of Mexico?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory

Desmopsis terriflora, an extraordinary new species of Annonaceae with flagelliflory