Living Radical Polymerization of Styrene with Diphenyl Diselenide as a Photoiniferter. Synthesis of Polystyrene with Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds at Both Chain Ends

Development of organotellurium‐mediated and organostibine‐mediated living radical polymerization reactions

“…PMMA with high molecular weights (M n % 80,000) also formed with precise molecular weight control by the addition of 1 or 2 equiv of dimethyl ditelluride (PDI ¼ 1.14-1.18, entries [19][20][21]. As this is a radical reaction, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) could also be polymerized in a highly controlled manner in the presence of dimethyl ditelluride without protection of the free hydroxyl group (entries 22 and 23).…”

“…Oka and Tatemoto 18 reported that organoiodine compounds serve as promoters for the controlled polymerization of polyfluorinated vinyl monomers, but their application to other conventional vinyl monomers has had limited success. 19,20 Organoselenium compounds were also used for controlled polymerization under UV irradiation by Kwon et al, 21 but their controllability is insufficient. Takagi et al 22 reported the effect of diphenyl ditelluride on molecular weight control in the 2,2 0 -azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)-initiated polymerization of styrene.…”

Synthesis of Polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Each with a Phenyl Seleno Group at Terminal Chain End by Radical Polymerization in the Presence of Benzyl Phenyl Selenide as a Photoiniferter

“…We recently reported that photopolymerization of styrene in the presence of di phenyl diselenide, 24 similar to the case of tetraalkylthiuram disulfides 25 to afford polystyrene carrying phenylseleno groups at both chain ends (P-A) (eq I). By the irradiation of light to the polymers with selenide moieties (P-A) in styrene, polystyrene with higher molecular weight (P-B) was obtainOse-Se-Q + n P-A + m CH2=3 '"" I "" hv t Deceased August 5, 1997.…”

Organostibine‐Mediated Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene in Ionic Liquidsa

“…[1] Three representative C/LRP methods are nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMP), atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization. [2][3][4][5] Other C/LRP methods, such as organohalogen (iodide) mediated radical polymerization, [6][7][8][9] organochalcogen (selenide [10] and telluride [11][12][13] ) mediated radical polymerization, and organopnicogen (stibine [13,14] and bismuthine [13b,15] ) mediated radical polymerization, have also been developed.…”