Living Radical Polymerizations Using Sodium Iodide and Potassium Iodide as Catalysts

Goto, Atsushi; Tanishima, Miho; Nakajima, Yusuke; Ohtsuki, Akimichi; Lei, Lin; Kaji, Hironori

doi:10.1021/bk-2015-1187.ch010

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Based on the above consideration, RCMP is employed in the current work. − This method is quite easy to handle and only requires the introduction of iodine (I 2 ) and sodium iodide (NaI) in traditional polymerization. The mechanism of RCMP is shown in Figure S1, and the synthesis route for a highly branched copolymer is shown in Scheme .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Branched Copolymers with Degradable Bridges for Antifouling Coatings

Yang

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The antifouling properties of traditional self-polishing marine antifouling coatings are mainly achieved based on their hydrolysis-sensitive side groups or the degradable polymer main chains. Here, we prepared a highly branched copolymer for selfpolishing antifouling coatings, in which the primary polymer chains are bridged by degradable fragments (poly-ε-caprolactone, PCL). Owing to the partial or complete degradation of PCL fragments, the remaining coating on the surface can be broken down and eroded by seawater. Finally, the polymeric surface is self-polished and self-renewed. The designed highly branched copolymers were successfully prepared by reversible complexation mediated polymerization (RCMP), and their primary main chains had an M n of approximately 3410 g•mol −1 . The hydrolytic degradation results showed that the degradation of the copolymer was controlled, and the degradation rate increased with increasing contents of degradable fragments. The algae settlement assay tests indicated that the copolymer itself has some antibiofouling ability. Moreover, the copolymer can serve as a controlled release matrix for antifoulant 4,5-dichloro-2-octylisothiazolone (DCOIT), and the release rate increases with the contents of degradable fragments. The marine field tests confirmed that these copolymer-based coatings exhibited excellent antibiofouling ability for more than 3 months. The current copolymer is derived from commonly used monomers and an easily conducted polymerization method. Hence, we believe this method may offer innovative insights into marine antifouling applications.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Branched Copolymers with Degradable Bridges for Antifouling Coatings

Yang

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In this work, we pursued the use of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal cations as counter cations (A + ). A part of the results were previously published in our conference proceedings, and four runs are cited in the present paper for discussion (entries 1 and 2 in Table and entries 1 and 7 in Table in the present paper), as explicitly noted in Tables and . All other results in the present paper are new.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…If the polymer chains exist mostly in the form of Polymer-X compared with the form of Polymer • and experience a number of activation–deactivation cycles over the period of the polymerization time, the polymer chains are given a nearly equal chance to grow, yielding low-polydispersity polymers (low-dispersity polymers) . We developed two mechanistically different organocatalyzed LRP systems using iodine as a capping agent (X) and organic molecules as catalysts, that is, reversible chain-transfer-catalyzed polymerization (RTCP) and reversible complexation-mediated polymerization (RCMP). − In this paper, we focus on RCMP. Attractive features of RCMP include no use of special capping agents or expensive catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Living Radical Polymerization with Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Iodides as Catalysts

2016

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The generation of an alkyl radical (R•) from an alkyl iodide (R–I) with NaI playing a catalytic role was experimentally demonstrated. This catalytic reaction was exploited as an activation process for living radical polymerization. Alkali metal iodides, NaI, KI, and CsI, and alkaline earth metal iodides, MgI2 and CaI2, were systematically studied as catalysts. 18-crown-6-Ether and a polyether, that is, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme), were utilized to solvate these catalysts in hydrophobic monomers. Among the five catalysts, NaI exhibited a particularly high reactivity. The polymer molecular weight and its distribution (M w/M n = 1.2−1.4) were well controlled with high conversions (e.g., 80–90%) in reasonably short periods of time (3–6 h) at mild temperatures (60–70 °C) in the polymerizations of methyl methacrylate. NaI is also amenable to styrene, acrylonitrile, and functional methacrylates. In addition to homopolymers, NaI also afforded well-defined block copolymers, chain-end functional polymers, and a star polymer. The high monomer versatility and accessibility to a wide range of polymer architectural designs are desirable features of this polymerization system.

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Low‐Temperature, Rapid Copolymerization of Acrylic Acid and Sodium Acrylate in Water

Narupai

Willenbacher

Bates

et al. 2019

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Regulating the aqueous polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) is a major opportunity for future materials design, requiring the development of scalable, industry‐oriented procedures that afford modest molar mass and dispersity control without long reaction times and environmentally demanding conditions. To address these challenges, this report presents the rapid copolymerization of aqueous mixtures of AA and sodium acrylate using an inexpensive and scalable protocol based on alkyl iodides/sodium iodide as mediators in water. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1414–1419

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Living Radical Polymerizations Using Sodium Iodide and Potassium Iodide as Catalysts

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Highly Branched Copolymers with Degradable Bridges for Antifouling Coatings

Highly Branched Copolymers with Degradable Bridges for Antifouling Coatings

Living Radical Polymerization with Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Iodides as Catalysts

Low‐Temperature, Rapid Copolymerization of Acrylic Acid and Sodium Acrylate in Water

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