Livingstone Model-Based Diagnosis of Earth Observing One

Abstract

The Earth Observing One satellite, launched in November 2000, is an active earth science observation platform. This paper reports on the development of an infusion experiment in which the Livingstone 2 Model-Based Diagnostic engine is deployed on Earth Observing One, to demonstrate the capability of monitoring the nominal operation of the spacecraft under command of an on-board planner, and to demonstrate on-board diagnosis of spacecraft failures. Design and development of the experiment, specification and validation of diagnostic scenarios and models, and the integration and test approach are presented.

Mission Operations and Autonomy

“…The self-managed software architectures is currently a vibrant field that covers a number of distinct solutions such as service-based [52][53][54], aspect-oriented component-based [55], generic component-based [56,57], model-based [58][59][60], self-organization [61,62], and ontology-based [63][64][65]. Each of the methods approaches the problem in a different manner.…”

“…Another example of choreography was demonstrated with Livingstone-2 [60] where a "generic model-based autonomy plant engine" operates the system at the choreographic base-level control when given a "Livingstone model" of the system. Following its implementation on the EO-1 mission, it was concluded that the choreographic method introduced more errors and was not as efficient as a traditionally engineered system [70].…”

An industrial information integration approach to in-orbit spacecraft

“…The ontologies are the collection of basic terms, relationships and various arithmetic procedures of an individual subject. Such subjects can be gyro velocities, earth string widths, the attitude ascensions or declinations, unscented Kalman filters, attitude fault diagnosis procedures, the CLIPS inference algorithms or the Livingstone diagnosing model (Hayden, Sweet, and Christa 2004). Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an agent for one typical subject.…”

Costs and Benefits of Model-based Diagnosis

“…These techniques are very attractive, suggesting a vision of machines that repair themselves, reduced costs for all kinds of endeavors, spacecraft that continue their missions even when failing, and so on. This promise inspired a broad range of activity, including our involvement over several years in flying the Livingstone and Livingstone 2 on-board model-based diagnosis and recovery systems as experiments on two spacecraft [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. While a great deal was learned through a variety of applications to simulators, testbeds and flight experiments, no project adopted the technology in operations and the expected benefits have not yet come to fruition.…”