Loading of Indocyanine Green within Polydopamine-Coated Laponite Nanodisks for Targeted Cancer Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract

The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment has attracted much attention in recent years. However, developing highly efficient and targeted therapeutic nanoagents for amplifying PTT and PDT treatments remains challenging. In this work, we developed a novel photothermal and photodynamic therapeutic nanoplatform for treatment of cancer cells overexpressing integrin αvβ3 through the coating of polydopamine (PDA) on indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded laponite (LAP) and then further conjugating polyethylene glycol-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (PEG-RGD) as targeted agents on the surface. The ICG/LAP–PDA–PEG–RGD (ILPR) nanoparticles (NPs) formed could load ICG with a high encapsulation efficiency of 94.1%, improve the photostability of loaded ICG dramatically via the protection of PDA and LAP, and display excellent colloidal stability and biocompatibility due to the PEGylation. Under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the ILPR NPs could exert enhanced photothermal conversion reproducibly and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. More importantly, in vitro experiments proved that ILPR NPs could specifically target cancer cells overexpressing integrin αvβ3, enhance cellular uptake due to RGD-mediated targeting, and exert improved photothermal and photodynamic killing efficiency against targeted cells under NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, ILPR may be used as effective therapeutic nanoagents with enhanced photothermal conversion performance and ROS generating ability for targeted PTT and PDT treatment of cancer cells with integrin αvβ3 overexpressed.

A Hybrid Organo‐Nanotheranostic Platform of Superlative Biocompatibility for Near‐Infrared‐Triggered Fluorescence Imaging and Synergistically Enhanced Ablation of Tumors

“…Chen and co-researchers also recorded such increase in size and corresponding decrease in zeta potential after the incorporation of ICG in chitosan NPs in an effort to prepare chitosan-ICG nanospheres. [33] The surface charge of ICG@GC-PP NPs is also comparable with the values that were separately obtained by Li et al [2a] (−37.0 ± 0.8 mV) and Xu et al (−7.33 ± 0.82 mV), [5] for other ICG-based NPs.…”

“…The stretching vibrations at 1475.93 and 1415.81 cm −1 in the ICG@ GC-PP NPs spectrum are attributes of the abounding C=C groups of ICG (originally at 1476.24 and 1420.42 cm −1 , respectively), as also recorded in an earlier study. [5] The above observations and other characteristic peaks for ICG in ICG@GC-PP NPs spectrum at 723.85 and 669.32 cm −1 , confirm the successful synthesis of hybrid ICG@GC-PP NPs.…”

“…This is comparable with the 94.1% ICG loading efficiency recorded by Xu and co-researchers, who loaded ICG in polydopamine-coated laponite nanodisks. [5] The transmission electron microscope images of GC-PP and ICG@GC-PP (Figure 1a,b) show that the as-synthesized NPs are spherical in shape with uniform size distributions. More information on the morphology and size distribution of the NPs are provided in their respective scanning electron microscope images ( Figure S2, Supporting Information).…”

<p>Enhancing Drug Delivery for Overcoming Angiogenesis and Improving the Phototherapy Efficacy of Glioblastoma by ICG-Loaded Glycolipid-Like Micelles</p>

“…Moreover, it is prone to self-aggregation in aqueous solution, leading to poor uptake by cells. 35,36 Studies have been reported that nanoparticles could enhance drug stability and increase drug accumulation in target cells. Highdose photosensitizer would inhibit the proliferation of neovascular endothelial cells for blocking angiogenesis, and dual-targeted phototherapy could destroy the structure of tumor vessels to enhance drug delivery.…”

Nano-loaded natural killer cells as carriers of indocyanine green for synergetic cancer immunotherapy and phototherapy

“…PTT makes full use of photothermal agents with strong optical absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region, which can be activated by using NIR light to kill cancer cells. [25][26][27] Interestingly, indocyanine green (ICG) that is the only contrast agent approved by the United State Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) for clinical applications, has be adopted as a photothermal agent for cancer theranostics due to its attractive light absorption property in the NIR window (700 nm-1000 nm). 28 However, a potential concern on ICG is that it has poor aqueous stability, rapid degradation and fast clearance by the body, which signi¯cantly reduces the e±cacy of PTT.…”