Loading PCM Into Buildings Envelope to Decrease Heat Gain-Performing Transient Thermal Analysis on Nanofluid Filled Solar System

Abstract

The high share of buildings in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission has led researchers to seek techniques to reduce energy consumption in this sector. In this study, considering a hot and arid climate region, the wall’s heat gain was investigated. To reduce energy demand, three techniques of adding PCM, combining absorption chiller with a solar system and dispersing nanoparticles were used and the results were evaluated transiently. In July, the addition of PCM to the building's walls reduced the heat exchange between interior and exterior spaces up to 21%. To cool the interior spaces, the combination of absorption chiller + fan coil was used and several flat plate collectors were integrated with it to reduce energy demand. By collecting energy in solar collectors and using a stratified tank, energy consumption in the generator section was reduced by 450 kWh. Nanoparticles were used to improve the solar system performance and it was found that loading ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles is useful. Dispersing ZnO into water increased the energy-saving by 9.5% while the second nanoparticle improved it by 14.5%.

Integration of Active Solar Thermal Technologies in Greenhouses: A Mini Review

“…PCMs are generally only used as short-term storage media (Amirahmad et al, 2021) due to the lack of long-term stability (Zhou et al, 2012). PCMs are classified into organic, inorganic and eutectic types (Akeiber et al, 2016).…”

Incorporating nano-scale material in solar system to reduce domestic hot water energy demand

“…Many solutions have been recommended by various researchers to reduce energy consumption [4][5][6][7][8]. Techniques include installing PCM in the building [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], heat recovery [18][19][20], using solar energy [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], other renewables such as wind [34][35][36], geothermal sources [37,38] and finally using nanofluid [39][40][41][42][43]. In the solar field, nanoparticles are used in two fields of photovoltaic cells (PVs) [44,45] and solar collectors [46].…”

Using nanoparticles in solar collector to enhance solar-assisted hot process stream usefulness

“…In 2020, the residential sector consumed 6.096 × 10 12 kWh energy, while the commercial sector used 4.912 × 10 12 kWh. Taking into account the consumptions of 9.106 × 10 12 kWh for the industrial sector and 7.120 × 10 12 kWh for the transportation section, it is concluded the share of residential + commercial reaches 40.42% [1,[65][66][67]. To decline building energy usage (BEU), two methods can be used, one of which is to reduce the amount of energy passing through the walls [2][3][4][68][69][70], and the other way is to use renewable energy [5][6][7][71][72][73].…”