Loads on small muscle groups as a risk of hypertensive conditions

Abstract

Background -Hypertension is a widespread condition nowadays. Changes in physical activity patterns of the population, namely, sedentary lifestyle and increased loads on small muscle groups, are the key factors behind the development of hypertension. Although science has amassed sufficient amounts of facts about a hypertensive effect of local loads, the very mechanisms underlying adaptive reactions of the circulatory system have not received comprehensive study. Material and Methods -We studied adaptive reactions to local muscle work in 108 adult subjects groups aged between 18 and 20, 30 and 35, and 60 and 74 respectively by means of a Mosso's ergograph until the onset of fatigue with all the three age groups receiving medium loads. We have analyzed their work performance, including static and dynamic stamina. We took blood pressure measurements, electrocardiograms (ECGs) and electroencephalograms (EEGs) before and after the test. Results -We discovered increased heartbeat rates, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in all of the subjects, as they were doing local load tests, while their ECGs showed shortened electric diastole time, which was indicative of heart functional tension, especially in the subjects aged between 18 and, and 60 and 74. Adverse heart reactions were more pronounced while the subjects were doing static tests rather than dynamic tests, and their EEGs showed increased slow-wave activity within alpha-and theta-ranges, with regularly recurrent alpha wave synchronizations. Conclusion -Our research shows that central mechanisms underlie hypertensive reactions of the cardiovascular system to local loads with the participation of metabolic receptors of muscles. We have also justified the necessity of preventive campaigns against hypertensions in individuals receiving increased amounts of local muscle work in the motor mode.

Adaptation responses of the body to mental and local physical load in students athletes

“…The following methods have been used for the study: the personal and situational anxiety test [5]; cognitive test to assess the development of creative thinking [10]; analysis of the response of the heart to local load. As a local load, the subjects were tested on the hand dynamometer at a force of 1/3 of the maximum at a given level until fatigue (the inability to maintain a given force) [9]. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured according to the Korotkov's method.…”