Lobomycosis in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida

Reif, John S.; Mazzoil, Marilyn; McCulloch, Stephen D.; Varela, René A.; Goldstein, Juli D.; Fair, Patricia A.; Bossart, Gregory D.

doi:10.2460/javma.228.1.104

Cited by 88 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship of the Amazonian population with rivers, forests and land cultivation led us to believe that these fungi are probably transmitted through water, soil and vegetation and inoculated into the dermis through trauma, initiating a long period of infection until the appearance of the first symptoms after some years. Some of these data are confirmed by the report of infection of dolphins with Lacazia loboi [9] , demonstrating the close ecological relationship of this fungus with water and consequently with the environment of the Amazon region. Finally, although the manifestations of chromoblastomycosis do not seem to be related to any type of immunodeficiency, some authors believe that the genesis of symptoms of Jorge Lobo's disease is associated with cellular immune deficiencies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

An Unusual Association between Chromoblastomycosis and Jorge Loboâ€™s Disease in the Same Patient from the Amazon Region

Costa¹,

Silva²,

Almeida³

et al. 2008

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:A clinical case of co-infection Cladophialophora sp. and Lacazia loboi is described and in a same patient with an 18-year history of verrucous plaques and parakeloidal nodular lesions. A 50-yearold man, a laborer, living in the Anajás city, Para, Brazil (rural Amazon region), was seen at the Evandro Chagas Institute's ambulatory. Histopathological analysis revealed intense hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, sometimes showing well-circumscribed areas of an intraepidermal suppurative content intermingled with round and brownish structures. The papillary and reticular dermis was characterized by fibrosis and a granulomatous reaction consisting of lymphocytes, histiocytes and giant cells permeated by suppurative inflammatory foci and multiple round fungal structures mainly arranged amidst a neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. The clinical material collected from the lesion was submitted to direct mycological examination using 20% KOH solution and lactophenol cotton blue, which revealed the presence of yeast-like cells with a double membrane arranged in groups, a characteristic of Lacazia loboi, as well as sclerotic cells characteristic of chromoblastomycosis. Culture of the specimen on Mycosel agar and microculture on potato agar showed the typical morphology of Cladophialophora sp. The association of these two fungi causing lesions and inducing long-term disease may indicate a similarity in the characteristics of the habitat of these agents in the Amazon region.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

An Unusual Association between Chromoblastomycosis and Jorge Loboâ€™s Disease in the Same Patient from the Amazon Region

Costa¹,

Silva²,

Almeida³

et al. 2008

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in a previous study, all T. truncatus from Florida that were visually diagnosed with lobomycosis and further sampled for histology were positive for Lacazia loboi (Murdoch et al 2008). The role of L. loboi as the aetiological agent of LLD was also confirmed by histology in a dead T. truncatus from the Tramandaí estuary, Brazil, visually diagnosed as positive when still alive (Van Bressem et al 2007, Moreno et al 2008 (Reif et al 2006, Murdoch et al 2008. Males seemed to be more at risk than females but prevalence in each sex could not be calculated as sex could only be determined for a limited number of individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As no tissue samples were available for histopathological and molecular (Reif et al 2006, Murdoch et al 2008. Males seemed to be more at risk than females but prevalence in each sex could not be calculated as sex could only be determined for a limited number of individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoans and appear to be occurring more frequently in recent years . Their emergence and severity seem, in some cases, to be related to natural and anthropogenic factors such as water quality degradation and inland water inputs (Wilson et al 1999, Reif et al 2006, Van Bressem et al 2007, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Kiszka¹,

Bressem²,

Pusineri³

2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lobomycosis is a chronic mycotic disease of the skin and subdermal tissues caused by the yeast-like organism Lacazia loboi, which affects humans and Delphinidae. Cases of lobomycosis and lobomycosis-like disease (LLD), a disease very similar to lobomycosis but for which a histological diagnostic is missing, have been reported in small cetaceans from the Americas and Europe. Here we report on LLD in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the tropical lagoon of Mayotte, between Mozambique and Madagascar. From July 2004 to June 2008, boat surveys were conducted in Mayotte waters. At least 71 adult dolphins were photo-identified. Six (5 males, 1 female) had multiple raised, greyish nodules on the dorsal fin, head, flanks, belly, back and tailstock that suggested LLD. The lesions were extensive in some cases. The calf of the positive female was also affected. LLD has been present in this community since at least 1999. As sampling was not possible, the aetiology of the disease could not be explored. The emergence of LLD in Mayotte may be related to degradation of the coastal environment associated with rapid urbanization, expanding agriculture and increased release of untreated freshwater runoffs. Other skin lesions included scars, healing wounds, whitish lesions and lumps.KEY WORDS: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin · Tursiops aduncus · Skin diseases · Lobomycosis · Mayotte · Indian Ocean Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 84: [151][152][153][154][155][156][157] 2009 sion (Migaki et al. 1971. In South America, a disease very similar to lobomycosis, but for which a histological diagnostic is missing, was recently reported in coastal T. truncatus from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil as well as in S. guianensis from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil (Van Bressem et al. 2007, 2009, Moreno et al. 2008). Lobomycosis and lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) have been mostly observed in tropical and equatorial areas, such as Florida and Texas in the US and Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela, Surinam and Brazil in South America. The habitat of the pathogen is believed to be aquatic or associated with soil and vegetation. T. truncatus from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, affected by lobomycosis, were found to have a significant impairment in adaptive immunity possibly related to chronic exposure to environmental stressors ). The T. truncatus communities from South America presenting LLD inhabited biologically and chemically polluted waters surrounding large ports and cities (Van Bressem et al. 2007).The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus is only found in the warm temperate to tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean, from South Africa in the west to southern Japan and central Australia in the east (Jefferson et al. 2008). It is the second most common cetacean species in the coastal waters of the inner lagoon of Mayotte (Comoros archipelago, northeast Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean; Kiszka et al. 2007). Recent investigations have indicated that...

show abstract

“…Hematogenous spread and contiguous spread have not been excluded as means of propagation. Infections have been reported in humans (4) and dolphins, including Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) in tropical climates (Latin America) (5) and Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in transitional tropical climates (Indian River Lagoon and Gulf of Mexico, Florida; Matagorda Bay, Texas; and Bay of Biscay, Europe) (6)(7)(8). We report 2 cases of lobomycosis in offshore (pelagic) bottlenose dolphins stranded off North Carolina in 2005 and 2008.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lobomycosis in Offshore Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), North Carolina

Rotstein

Burdett

McLellan

et al. 2009

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lacazia loboi , a cutaneous fungus, is found in humans and dolphins from transitional tropical (Florida) and tropical (South America) regions. We report 2 cases of lobomycosis in stranded bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) and 1 case of lobomycosis-like disease in 1 free-swimming, pelagic, offshore bottlenose dolphin from North Carolina, where no cases have previously been observed.

show abstract

Lobomycosis in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida

Cited by 88 publications

References 19 publications

An Unusual Association between Chromoblastomycosis and Jorge Loboâ€™s Disease in the Same Patient from the Amazon Region

An Unusual Association between Chromoblastomycosis and Jorge Loboâ€™s Disease in the Same Patient from the Amazon Region

Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Lobomycosis in Offshore Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), North Carolina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About