Local adaptation and the evolution of species’ ranges under climate change

Atkins, Katherine E.; Travis, Justin M. J.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.07.014

Cited by 196 publications

(208 citation statements)

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“…Conversely, in species with very limited dispersal, locally adapted populations may simply go extinct if they lack the capacity to evolve in response to new conditions (Atkins and Travis, 2010;Sanford and Kelly, 2011;Kelly et al, 2012). Several studies have found putatively adaptive differences in thermal physiology between populations of species with limited dispersal (Grosholz, 2001;Kuo and Sanford, 2009;Sorte et al, 2011) and even in certain widely dispersing species, e.g.…”

Section: The Journal Of Experimental Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Master of all trades: thermal acclimation and adaptation of cardiac function in a broadly distributed marine invasive species, the European green crab,Carcinus maenas

Tepolt

Somero

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

128

126

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As global warming accelerates, there is increasing concern about how ecosystems may change as a result of species loss and replacement. Here, we examined the thermal physiology of the European green crab (Carcinus maenas Linnaeus 1758), a globally invasive species, along three parallel thermal gradients in its native and invasive ranges. At each site, we assessed cardiac physiology to determine heat and cold tolerance and acclimatory plasticity. We found that, overall, the species is highly tolerant of both heat and cold, and that it survives higher temperatures than co-occurring native marine crustaceans. Further, we found that both heat and cold tolerance are plastic in response to short-term acclimation (18-31 days at either 5 or 25°C). Comparing patterns within ranges, we found latitudinal gradients in thermal tolerance in the native European range and in the invasive range in eastern North America. This pattern is strongest in the native range, and likely evolved there. Because of a complicated invasion history, the latitudinal pattern in the eastern North American invasive range may be due either to rapid adaptation post-invasion or to adaptive differences between the ancestral populations that founded the invasion. Overall, the broad thermal tolerance ranges of green crabs, which may facilitate invasion of novel habitats, derive from high inherent eurythermality and acclimatory plasticity and potentially adaptive differentiation among populations. The highly flexible physiology that results from these capacities may represent the hallmark of a successful invasive species, and may provide a model for success in a changing world. KEY WORDS: Acclimatory plasticity, Cardiac physiology, Local adaptation, Species invasion, Thermal tolerance INTRODUCTIONEnvironmental temperature exerts a pervasive influence on the physiology of ectothermic animals, from the level of molecular processes to that of broad-scale biogeographic patterning (Hochachka and Somero, 2002). As global temperatures rise, there is increasing concern about the ability of ectothermic animals to survive in their warming environments, and considerable effort is being expended to identify the physiological traits that may be of greatest importance in adapting to rising temperatures and to learn how these traits differ among species (Somero, 2010).One aspect of success in a changed thermal environment comprises a combination of broad intrinsic tolerance of acute changes in temperature and a high capacity for acclimatization (phenotypic 'plasticity') during extended exposure to a new thermal regime (Simons, 2011;Healy and Schulte, 2012). These two abilities may largely govern how eurythermal an ectothermic species is, and thus help determine its chances for success in a warming world, particularly over short time scales. RESEARCH ARTICLEStanfordBecause maintenance of broad thermal tolerance may be metabolically costly and, indeed, unnecessary for animals inhabiting narrow thermal niches, ectothermic species range from extreme eurytherms to na...

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Section: The Journal Of Experimental Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Master of all trades: thermal acclimation and adaptation of cardiac function in a broadly distributed marine invasive species, the European green crab,Carcinus maenas

Tepolt

Somero

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

128

126

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“…As the suitable climate space for a species shifts poleward (3), populations previously well adapted to the historical climate in a particular region may experience strong selection to adapt to rapidly warming local temperatures (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Rapid evolutionary response to climate change has already been observed (11,12), but it remains unclear whether evolutionary response can keep pace with rapidly changing local adaptive optima (6,8,(13)(14)(15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagging adaptation to warming climate in Arabidopsis thaliana

Wilczek

Cooper

Korves

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

171

219

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If climate change outpaces the rate of adaptive evolution within a site, populations previously well adapted to local conditions may decline or disappear, and banked seeds from those populations will be unsuitable for restoring them. However, if such adaptational lag has occurred, immigrants from historically warmer climates will outperform natives and may provide genetic potential for evolutionary rescue. We tested for lagging adaptation to warming climate using banked seeds of the annual weed Arabidopsis thaliana in common garden experiments in four sites across the species' native European range: Valencia, Spain; Norwich, United Kingdom; Halle, Germany; and Oulu, Finland. Genotypes originating from geographic regions near the planting site had high relative fitness in each site, direct evidence for broad-scale geographic adaptation in this model species. However, genotypes originating in sites historically warmer than the planting site had higher average relative fitness than local genotypes in every site, especially at the northern range limit in Finland. This result suggests that local adaptive optima have shifted rapidly with recent warming across the species' native range. Climatic optima also differed among seasonal germination cohorts within the Norwich site, suggesting that populations occurring where summer germination is common may have greater evolutionary potential to persist under future warming. If adaptational lag has occurred over just a few decades in banked seeds of an annual species, it may be an important consideration for managing longer-lived species, as well as for attempts to conserve threatened populations through ex situ preservation.cliimate adaptation | adaptation lag | local adaptation | provenance test R apid climate change has already caused species range shifts and local extinctions (1) and is predicted to have greater future impacts (2). As the suitable climate space for a species shifts poleward (3), populations previously well adapted to the historical climate in a particular region may experience strong selection to adapt to rapidly warming local temperatures (4-10). Rapid evolutionary response to climate change has already been observed (11, 12), but it remains unclear whether evolutionary response can keep pace with rapidly changing local adaptive optima (6,8,(13)(14)(15). If local adaptation is slower than the rate of climate change, the average fitness of local populations may decline over time (7,14,16,17), possibly resulting in local extinctions and range collapse at the warmer margin. Where such lag exists, we expect that local seeds banked for conservation may no longer be well adapted to their sites of origin (18). However, such adaptational lag may be mitigated by migration or gene flow from populations in historically warmer sites if those populations are better adapted to current conditions in a site than local populations (8,13,19,20). Although adaptational lag has been predicted (4-6, 8, 14, 15, 19, 21, 22), the distinctive signature of mismatch between local p...

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“…Climatic changes have already occurred (Jones et al, 1999;Meehl et al, 2007), and in biological systems there is mounting evidence that these relatively minor changes have already resulted in altered phenology, range shifts, and population declines (e.g., Parmesan, 2006;Freeman and Freeman, 2014). Much greater climate change lies in our immediate future (Meehl et al, 2007), and the impacts of this impending change are likely to be manifold and complex (e.g., Atkins and Travis, 2010;Norberg et al, 2012). Despite inherent uncertainties in how, exactly, climate change will play out, and how this will impact biodiversity (Moritz and Agudo, 2013), there are certainly grounds for deep concern regarding the future of many species (Thomas et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Isolates as Sources of Adaptive Diversity under Climate Change

et al. 2017

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As climate change progresses, there is increasing focus on the possibility of using targeted gene flow (TGF, the movement of pre-adapted individuals into declining populations) as a management tool. Targeted gene flow is a relatively cheap, low-risk management option, and will almost certainly come into increased use over the coming decades. Before such action can be taken, however, we need to know where to find pre-adapted individuals. We argue that, for many species, the obvious place to look for this diversity is in peripheral isolates: isolated populations at the current edges of a species' range. Both evolutionary and ecological considerations suggest that the bulk of a species' adaptive variation may be contained in the total set of these peripheral isolates. Moreover, by exploring both evolutionary and ecological perspectives it becomes clear that we should be able to assess the potential value of each isolate using remotely sensed data and three measurable axes of variation in patch traits: population size, connectivity, and climatic environment. Locating the "sweet spot" in this trait space, however, remains a challenge. Throughout, we illustrate these ideas using Australia's Wet Tropics rainforests as a model system.

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Local adaptation and the evolution of species’ ranges under climate change

Abstract: The potential impact of climate change on biodiversity is well documented. A well 6 developed range of statistical methods currently exists that projects the possible future habitat of a species directly from the current climate and a species distribution.

Cited by 196 publications

References 49 publications

Master of all trades: thermal acclimation and adaptation of cardiac function in a broadly distributed marine invasive species, the European green crab,Carcinus maenas

Master of all trades: thermal acclimation and adaptation of cardiac function in a broadly distributed marine invasive species, the European green crab,Carcinus maenas

Lagging adaptation to warming climate in Arabidopsis thaliana

Peripheral Isolates as Sources of Adaptive Diversity under Climate Change

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