Local and Systemic Effects of Brassinosteroid Perception in Developing Phloem

Graeff, Moritz; Rana, Surbhi; Marhavá, Petra; Moret, Bernard M. E.; Hardtke, Christian S.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.029

Cited by 44 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…However, pSHR-BRI1 has a shorter root and wide meristem that largely rescued these defects. A tissue-specific approach also assisted in separating BRI1 control of phloem differentiation from that of growth (Graeff et al, 2020). Since BRI1 is not expressed in the phloem in the lines analysed here, restoration of BR signalling in diverse cell types is sufficient to control root length and orientation of transversal walls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, formative divisions are promoted by BRI1 in the stele and restrained by epidermal BRI1 (Kang et al, 2017). In addition, BRI1 activity in the protophloem cells of the vasculature can rescue the bri-triple root phenotype (Graeff et al, 2020; Kang et al, 2017). Together, tissue-specific approaches revealed that growth control by BRI1 involves cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal BR signalling is required for adequate cell wall orientation in the Arabidopsis root meristem

Sela

Fridman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The plant brassinosteroid hormones (BRs) regulate growth in part through altering the properties of the cell wall, the extracellular matrix of plant cells. Conversely, cell wall signalling connects the state of cell wall homeostasis to the BR receptor complex and modulates BR activity. Here we report that both pectin-triggered cell wall signalling and impaired BR signalling result in altered cell wall orientation in the Arabidopsis root meristem. BR-induced defects in the orientation of newly placed walls are associated with aberrant localization of the cortical division zone but with normal specification of its positioning. Tissue-specific perturbations of BR signalling revealed that the cellular malfunction is unrelated to previously described whole organ growth defects. Thus, tissue type separates the pleiotropic effects of cell wall/BR signals and highlights their importance during cell wall placement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal BR signalling is required for adequate cell wall orientation in the Arabidopsis root meristem

Sela

Fridman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…CLE45 was shown to be perceived by RECEPTOR LIKE PROTEIN KINASE 2 to regulate PSE identity by maintaining a plastic zone in the root meristem zone where the cell identities of PSE and PSE-adjacent companion cells are interchangeable, which is important for the formation of a functional phloem [88]. Interestingly, CLE45 signaling is locally antagonized by protophloem-specific BR perception to allow protophloem differentiation, which may trigger an unidentified phloem-derived mobile signal to rescue the dwarfism and patterning defects in bri1;brl1;brl3 triple mutants [89]. CLE26 also represses protophloem development as well as primary root growth [90,91].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

How roots and shoots communicate through stressful times

Testerink

Zhang

2021

Trends in Plant Science

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When plants face an environmental stress such as water deficit, soil salinity, high temperature, or shade, good communication between above-and belowground organs is necessary to coordinate growth and development. Various signals including hormones, peptides, proteins, hydraulic signals, and metabolites are transported mostly through the vasculature to distant tissues. How shoots and roots synchronize their response to stress using mobile signals is an emerging field of research. We summarize recent advances on mobile signals regulating shoot stomatal movement and root development in response to highly localized environmental cues. In addition, we highlight how the vascular system is not only a conduit but is also flexible in its development in response to abiotic stress. Shoot-root communication: a long-distance relationship Tissues in higher plants are highly specialized. The shoot captures solar energy by photosynthesis and carries out reproduction, whereas the root extracts water and minerals from the soil. The coordination of these specialized functions is critical for plants to thrive. The plant vascular system, comprising xylem and phloem (see Glossary), supports the plant body while also transporting many signaling molecules from shoots to roots and vice versa. Hormones are well-studied integrators of root and shoot development. Abscisic acid (ABA) [1], auxin [2], gibberellins [3], cytokinins (CKs) [4], and jasmonic acid and its relatives [5] are known to travel through the vasculature and to act in distant tissues (Figure 1, Key figure). More recently, several small peptides, proteins, and RNA molecules have been found to be mobile in xylem or phloem and to coordinate nutrient uptake and distal stress responses [6-10] (Figure 1).Localized environmental stresses such as soil salinity or light signals require controlled longdistance transport of stress signals to elicit acclimation responses at the whole-plant level [11,12]. Understanding how mobile signals activate distal stress-responsive signaling pathways and how local and distant developmental pathways are reprogrammed is an important aspect of abiotic stress tolerance. The long-distance signaling that mediates the nutrient stress response has been recently reviewed [7]. In this review we focus on recent developments in how different mobile signals coordinate shoot stomatal movements and root development in response to salinity, water-related stresses, and light and temperature changes. Furthermore, we highlight the developmental plasticity of the plant vascular system which is the central transportation path that allows mobile signals to travel over long distances in times of stress. Bottom-up approaches: stressed roots signal to shootsRoot-derived hydraulic signals mediate the plant shoot stress response Water limitation has a profound impact on plant growth [13]. Water absorbed from the soil moves radially to the root xylem both via the apoplastic pathway and via cell-to-cell pathways through transcellular transport and the symplastic pathway. Subs...

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“…It is possible that RPK2 also interacts with BAM3 or CLV2/CRN for sensing the CLE45 signal to suppress phloem identity. Most recently, it was reported that the bri1 brl1 brl3 triple mutants display defective protophloem differentiation and are slightly hypersensitive to CLE45 treatment, which can be rescued by bam3 mutation or phloem-specific BRI1 expression, indicating that the CLE45-BAM3 signaling in regulating protophloem differentiation is also modulated by brassinosteroid perception (Kang et al 2017;Graeff et al 2020).…”

Section: Rlk-mediated Signaling Promotes the Differentiation Of The Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor-like protein kinase-mediated signaling in controlling root meristem homeostasis

Zhu

Gou

2020

aBIOTECH

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Generation of the root greatly benefits higher plants living on land. Continuous root growth and development are achieved by the root apical meristem, which acts as a reservoir of stem cells. The stem cells, on the one hand, constantly renew themselves through cell division. On the other hand, they differentiate into functional cells to form diverse tissues of the root. The balance between the maintenance and consumption of the root apical meristem is governed by cell-to-cell communications. Receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs), a group of signaling molecules localized on the cell surface, have been implicated in sensing multiple endogenous and environmental signals for plant development and stress adaptation. Over the past two decades, various RLKs and their ligands have been revealed to participate in regulating root meristem homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the recent studies about RLK-mediated signaling in regulating the maintenance and consumption of the root apical meristem.

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Local and Systemic Effects of Brassinosteroid Perception in Developing Phloem

Cited by 44 publications

References 81 publications

Optimal BR signalling is required for adequate cell wall orientation in the Arabidopsis root meristem

Optimal BR signalling is required for adequate cell wall orientation in the Arabidopsis root meristem

How roots and shoots communicate through stressful times

Receptor-like protein kinase-mediated signaling in controlling root meristem homeostasis

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