“…With the development of aerospace field, thermal structural components of a new generation of aerospace vehicles need to be used in ultra‐high temperature, oxidation, and high‐flow scouring environments, where traditional metal materials could not endure 1,2 . Carbon carbon (C/C) composites have received much attention due to their lightweight, thermal shock resistance, high thermal conductivity, friction resistance, high temperature resistance, high mechanical properties, and low coefficient of thermal expansion 3–6 . Nevertheless, rapid oxidation under high temperatures and oxidized environments extremly limmited the applications of C/C composites on aerospace vehicles thermal components 7,8 …”